1. Te Wā Prothrombin (PT)

Ko te nuinga o tēnei e whakaata ana i te āhua o te pūnaha toto toto o waho, e whakamahia ana te INR hei aroturuki i ngā rongoā toto toto ā-waha. He tohu nui te PT mō te tautuhi i te āhua prethrombotic, te DIC me te mate ate. E whakamahia ana hei whakamātautau tirotiro mō te pūnaha toto toto o waho, ā, he huarahi nui hoki mō te whakahaere i te horopeta o te rongoā toto toto ā-waha.

Ko te PTA <40% e tohu ana i te nui o te pirau o ngā pūtau ate me te hekenga o te hanganga o ngā mea whakapūmau toto. Hei tauira, 30%

Ka kitea te roa o te wā:

a. Ko te kino nui me te kino o te ate te take nui o te whakaputanga o te prothrombin me ngā mea e pā ana ki te toto totoka.

b. Kāore i te rawaka te Huaora K, e hiahiatia ana te Huaora K hei hanga i ngā āhuatanga II, VII, IX, me te X. Ina kore e ranea te Huaora K, ka heke te hanga, ā, ka roa te wā prothrombin. Ka kitea anō hoki i roto i te jaundice ārai mate.

C. DIC (te toto totoka horapa i roto i ngā oko toto), e pau ai te nui o ngā mea taupū totoka nā te nui o te toto totoka iti.

d. Te totohu ohorere o te pēpi hou, te korenga o te prothrombin whānau mai i te rongoā ārai toto.

I kitea te whakapoto i roto i:

Ina kei roto te toto i te āhua totoka nui (pēnei i te DIC tōmua, te infarction myocardial), ngā mate thrombotic (pēnei i te thrombosis roro), me ētahi atu.

 

2. Te wā o te thrombin (TT)

Ko te nuinga e whakaata ana i te wā e huri ai te fibrinogen ki te fibrin.

Ka kitea te roa o te wā: te pikinga ake o ngā matū heparin, heparinoid rānei, te pikinga ake o te mahi AT-III, te nui me te kounga rerekē o te fibrinogen. Te wāhanga hyperfibrinolysis DIC, te iti (kāore) o te fibrinogenemia, te hemoglobinemia rerekē, te pikinga ake o ngā hua whakararuraru fibrin toto (proto) (FDP).

Kāore he hiranga haumanu o te whakahekenga.

 

3. Te wā thromboplastin wāhanga whakahohe (APTT)

Ko te nuinga o te wā e whakaata ana i te āhua o te pūnaha toto toto taketake, ā, e whakamahia ana hei aroturuki i te horopeta o te heparin. Mā te whakaata i ngā taumata o ngā āhuatanga toto toto VIII, IX, XI, XII i roto i te toto, he whakamātautau tirotiro mō te pūnaha toto toto taketake. Ko te APTT e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei aroturuki i te rongoā ārai toto toto heparin.

Ka kitea te roa o te wā:

a. Te korenga o ngā āhuatanga toto toto VIII, IX, XI, XII:

b. Te tauwehenga totoka II, V, X me te whakaiti fibrinogen torutoru;

C. Kei reira ngā matū ārai toto pērā i te heparin;

d, kua piki ake ngā hua pirau fibrinogen; e, DIC.

I kitea te whakapoto i roto i:

Āhua totoka rawa: Mena ka uru te matū totoka ki roto i te toto, ā, ka piki ake te mahi a ngā mea totoka, me ētahi atu:

 

4.Te fibrinogen toto (FIB)

Ko te nuinga e whakaata ana i te nui o te fibrinogen. Ko te fibrinogen plasma te pūmua toto toto me te nui rawa o ngā mea toto toto toto katoa, ā, he mea urupare ā-wāhanga ohorere.

Ka kitea te pikinga ake i roto i: ngā wera, te mate huka, te mate pāwera whakapeka, te mate kohi whakapeka, te mate pukupuku, te endocarditis huakita iti iho i te whakapeka, te haputanga, te niumōnia, te cholecystitis, te pericarditis, te sepsis, te mate nephrotic, te uremia, te infarction myocardial whakapeka.

Ka kitea te whakahekenga i roto i: Te rerekētanga o te fibrinogen whānau, te wā hypocoagulation DIC wasting, te fibrinolysis tuatahi, te hepatitis kino, te cirrhosis ate.

 

5.D-Dimer (D-Dimer)

Ko te nuinga o te wā, e whakaata ana i te mahi a te fibrinolysis, ā, he tohu hei whakatau i te aroaro, te ngaro rānei o te thrombosis me te fibrinolysis tuarua i roto i te tinana.

Ko te D-dimer he hua pakaru motuhake o te fibrin hono-whiti, ka piki ake i roto i te toto i muri i te thrombosis, nō reira he tohu ngota ngota nui mō te tautuhi i te thrombosis.

I tino piki ake te D-dimer i te hihiko o te fibrinolysis tuarua, engari kāore i piki ake i te hihiko o te fibrinolysis tuatahi, he tohu nui tēnei hei wehewehe i waenganui i ngā mea e rua.

Ka kitea tēnei pikinga i roto i ngā mate pēnei i te thrombosis uaua hohonu, te embolism pūkahukahu, me te hyperfibrinolysis tuarua o te DIC.