Njira zochizira matenda a thrombosis zimaphatikizapo mankhwala ndi opaleshoni. Mankhwalawa amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana, mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana, ndi mankhwala oletsa magazi kutuluka magazi kutengera momwe magazi amagwirira ntchito. Mankhwalawa amasungunuka m'magazi. Odwala ena omwe akwaniritsa zomwe zanenedwazo amathanso kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni.

1. Chithandizo cha mankhwala:

1) Mankhwala Oletsa Kugaya Mkaka: Heparin, warfarin ndi mankhwala atsopano oletsa kugaya mkaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Heparin imakhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yoletsa kugaya mkaka mu thupi ndi mu vitro, zomwe zimatha kuletsa kugaya m'mitsempha yakuya ndi pulmonary embolism. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtima ndi venous thromboembolism. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti heparin ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: heparin yopanda magawo ndi heparin yolemera pang'ono, yomwe ndi yotsika kwambiri mwa jakisoni wa subcutaneous. Warfarin imatha kuletsa zinthu zozungulira zomwe zimadalira vitamini K kuti zisayambe kugwira ntchito. Ndi mankhwala oletsa kugaya mkaka apakati a mtundu wa dicoumarin. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kwa odwala omwe atatha kusintha ma valve amtima, odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha atrial fibrillation ndi thromboembolism. Kutuluka magazi ndi zina zoyipa zimafuna kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwa ntchito ya kugaya mkaka panthawi ya mankhwala. Mankhwala atsopano oletsa kugaya mkaka ndi mankhwala otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima oletsa kugaya mkaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuphatikiza mankhwala a saban ndi dabigatran etexilate;

2) Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana: kuphatikizapo aspirin, clopidogrel, abciximab, ndi zina zotero, amatha kuletsa kusonkhana kwa magazi kuundana, motero amaletsa kupangika kwa magazi kuundana. Mu matenda a mtima oopsa, kufalikira kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima, komanso matenda oopsa monga stent implantation, aspirin ndi clopidogrel nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi;

3) Mankhwala oletsa kutupa: kuphatikizapo streptokinase, urokinase ndi tissue plasminogen activator, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingathandize kuti magazi ayambe kutuluka m'magazi ndikuwongolera zizindikiro za odwala.

2. Chithandizo cha opaleshoni:

Kuphatikizapo opaleshoni yochotsa magazi m'thupi, kuchotsedwa kwa magazi m'thupi kudzera mu catheter, kuchotsedwa kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, ndi kuchotsedwa kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito makina, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa bwino zizindikiro ndi zotsutsana ndi opaleshoni. Malinga ndi zachipatala, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti odwala omwe ali ndi magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha magazi m'thupi, kulephera kugwira bwino ntchito kwa magazi, komanso zotupa zoyipa sali oyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni, ndipo amafunika kuthandizidwa malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili komanso motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.