01. Ukwazana kokuqala no-D-dimer, i-FDP

1. I-FDP yitemu elivamile lemikhiqizo ehlukene yokuwohloka kwe-fibrin ne-fibrinogen ngaphansi kwesenzo se-plasmin, ebonisa ngokuyinhloko izinga le-fibrinolytic lomzimba wonke;

2. I-D-dimer iwumkhiqizo othize wokuwohloka kwe-fibrin exhumene nesiphambano ngaphansi kwesenzo se-plasmin, futhi ukwanda kwezinga layo kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-hyperfibrinolysis yesibili;

02. Ukusetshenziswa komtholampilo kwe-D-dimer ne-FDP

Ungafaki i-venous thrombosis (i-VTE ifaka i-DVT, i-PE)

Ukunemba kokukhishwa okungalungile kwe-D-dimer kwe-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) kungafinyelela ku-98% -100%

Ukutholwa kwe-D-dimer kungasetshenziswa ukukhipha i-venous thrombosis

♦ Ukubaluleka ekuxilongweni kwe-DIC

1. I-DIC iyinqubo ye-pathophysiological eyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-thrombo-hemorrhagic syndrome etholwe kanzima yomtholampilo.Ama-DIC amaningi aqala ngokushesha, izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhula ngokushesha, ukuxilongwa okunzima, kanye nokubikezela okuyingozi.Uma kungatholakalanga kusenesikhathi futhi kwelashwe ngempumelelo, Ngokuvamile kufaka ukuphila kwesiguli engozini;

2. I-D-dimer ingabonisa ukuqina kwe-DIC ngezinga elithile, i-FDP ingasetshenziswa ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo ngemva kokuqinisekiswa kokuxilongwa, futhi i-antithrombin (AT) isiza ukuqonda ubunzima besifo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesifo. Ukwelashwa kwe-heparin Inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa kwe-D-dimer, i-FDP kanye ne-AT ibe inkomba engcono kakhulu yokuhlonza i-DIC.

♦ Ukubaluleka kwezimila ezimbi

1. Izimila ezimbi zihlobene eduze nokungasebenzi kwe-hemostasis.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimila eziqinile eziqinile noma i-leukemia, iziguli zizoba nesimo esibi kakhulu se-hypercoagulable noma i-thrombosis.I-Adenocarcinoma eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa ye-thrombosis ivame kakhulu;

2. Kuyafaneleka ukugcizelela ukuthi i-thrombosis ingase ibe uphawu lokuqala lwesimila.Ezigulini ezine-deep vein thrombosis ezihlulekayo ukubona izici zengozi yokopha kwe-thrombosis, kungenzeka kube khona isimila esingaba khona.

♦Ukubaluleka komtholampilo kwezinye izifo

1. Ukuqapha ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, uma inani lezidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic linganele futhi i-thrombus ingaqedwa ngokuphelele, i-D-dimer ne-FDP izogcina izinga eliphezulu ngemva kokufinyelela phezulu;kuyilapho izidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic ngokweqile zizokwandisa ingozi yokopha.

2. Ukubaluleka kwe-molecule encane yokwelashwa kwe-heparin ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Iziguli ezihlukumezekile/ezihlinzwa zivame ukwelashwa nge-anticoagulant prophylaxis.

Ngokuvamile, umthamo oyisisekelo we-molecule encane ye-heparin ngu-2850IU/d, kodwa uma izinga le-D-dimer lesiguli lingu-2ug/ml ngosuku lwesi-4 ngemva kokuhlinzwa, umthamo unganyuswa ube izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku.

3. I-acute aortic dissection (AAD)

I-AAD iyimbangela evamile yokufa okungazelelwe ezigulini.Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kunganciphisa izinga lokufa kweziguli futhi kunciphise izingozi zezokwelapha.

Indlela engenzeka yokwanda kwe-D-dimer ku-AAD: Ngemva kokuba ungqimba oluphakathi lodonga lwesitsha se-aortic lonakele ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyaphuka, okubangela ukuba igazi lihlasele imigqa yangaphakathi nengaphandle ukuze kwakheke "umgodi wamanga" , ngenxa yegazi leqiniso nelingelona iqiniso emgodini Kukhona umehluko omkhulu ngesivinini sokugeleza, futhi ijubane lokugeleza emgodini wamanga lihamba kancane, elingabangela kalula i-thrombosis, kubangele ukuthi uhlelo lwe-fibrinolytic lusebenze, futhi ekugcineni lukhuthaze. ukwanda kwezinga le-D-dimer.

03. Izinto ezithinta i-D-dimer ne-FDP

1. Izici ze-Physiological

Kuphakanyisiwe: Kunomehluko omkhulu ngeminyaka, abesifazane abakhulelwe, ukuvivinya umzimba okukhandlayo, ukuya esikhathini.

2.Umthelela wezifo

Ukuphakama: unhlangothi lwe-cerebrovascular, ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic, ukutheleleka okukhulu, i-sepsis, i-tissue gangrene, i-preeclampsia, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sesibindi esibi, i-sarcoidosis.

3.Hyperlipidemia kanye nemiphumela yokuphuza

Aphakeme: abaphuza;

Yehlisa: i-hyperlipidemia.

4. Imiphumela yezidakamizwa

Ukuphakama: i-heparin, izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive, i-urokinase, i-streptokinase ne-staphylokinase;

Ukuncipha: izivimbela-nzalo zomlomo kanye ne-estrogen.
04. Isifinyezo

Ukutholwa kwe-D-dimer ne-FDP kuphephile, kulula, kuyashesha, kunokonga, futhi kuzwela kakhulu.Bobabili bayoba namazinga ahlukene oshintsho esifweni senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, isifo sesibindi, isifo sobuchopho, umfutho wegazi ophakeme obangelwa ukukhulelwa, kanye ne-pre-eclampsia.Kubalulekile ukwahlulela ubunzima besifo, ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa nokushintsha kwesifo, futhi uhlole ukubikezela komphumela wokwelapha.umphumela.