01. Ukuqhelana okokuqala no-D-dimer, i-FDP

1. I-FDP ligama eliqhelekileyo leemveliso ezahlukeneyo zokubola kwe-fibrin kunye ne-fibrinogen phantsi kwesenzo se-plasmin, esibonisa kakhulu inqanaba le-fibrinolytic lomzimba;

2. I-D-dimer yimveliso ethile yokuwohloka kwe-fibrin edityanisiweyo phantsi kwesenzo se-plasmin, kwaye ukunyuka kwenqanaba layo kubonisa ukubakho kwe-hyperfibrinolysis yesibini;

02. Ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi kwe-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP

Ungabandakanyi i-venous thrombosis (i-VTE ibandakanya i-DVT, i-PE)

Ukuchaneka kokukhutshwa kwe-D-dimer negative kwe-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) kunokufikelela kwi-98%-100%

Ukufunyanwa kwe-D-dimer kungasetyenziselwa ukuthintela i-venous thrombosis

♦Ukubaluleka ekuxilongweni kwe-DIC

1. I-DIC yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ye-pathophysiological kunye ne-severe acquired clinical thrombo-hemorrhagic syndrome. Uninzi lwe-DIC luqala ngokukhawuleza, lunesifo esintsonkothileyo, lukhula ngokukhawuleza, luxilongwa nzima, kwaye lunobungozi bokuqikelela. Ukuba alufunyaniswanga kwangethuba kwaye lunyangwe ngokufanelekileyo, ludla ngokubeka ubomi bomguli esichengeni;

2. I-D-dimer ingabonakalisa ubukhali be-DIC ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, i-FDP ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga uphuhliso lwesifo emva kokuba uxilongo luqinisekisiwe, kwaye i-antithrombin (AT) inceda ukuqonda ubukhali besifo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konyango lwe-heparin. Ukudibana kovavanyo lwe-D-dimer, i-FDP kunye ne-AT kube luphawu olungcono lokufumanisa i-DIC.

♦Ukubaluleka kwi-tumors ezinobungozi

1. Iithumba ezinobungozi zinxulumene kakhulu nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hemostasis. Nokuba zi-tumors ezinobungozi okanye i-leukemia, izigulane ziya kuba ne-hypercoagulable okanye i-thrombosis enzima. I-Adenocarcinoma eyinkimbinkimbi yi-thrombosis yeyona ixhaphakileyo;

2. Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-thrombosis isenokuba luphawu lokuqala lwethumba. Kwizigulane ezine-deep vein thrombosis ezingaziboniyo izinto ezinokubangela i-thrombosis ephumayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho ithumba elinokubakho.

♦Intsingiselo yezonyango yezinye izifo

1. Ukubeka esweni unyango lweziyobisi ezibangela i-thrombolytic

Ngexesha lonyango, ukuba ubungakanani beyeza le-thrombolytic alwanelanga kwaye i-thrombus ayinyibiliki ngokupheleleyo, i-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP ziya kuhlala ziphezulu emva kokufikelela kwincopho; ngelixa amayeza e-thrombolytic amaninzi aya kwandisa umngcipheko wokopha.

2. Ukubaluleka konyango lwe-heparin yemolekyuli encinci emva kotyando

Izigulane ezineengozi/utyando zihlala zinyangwa nge-anticoagulant prophylaxis.

Ngokubanzi, idosi esisiseko ye-heparin encinci yemolekyuli yi-2850IU/ngosuku, kodwa ukuba inqanaba le-D-dimer yesigulana yi-2ug/ml ngosuku lwesi-4 emva kotyando, idosi inokwandiswa ibe ngamaxesha ama-2 ngemini.

3. Ukuqhaqha kwe-aorta ebukhali (AAD)

I-AAD yimbangela eqhelekileyo yokufa ngequbuliso kwizigulana. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunciphisa izinga lokufa kwezigulana kunye nokunciphisa iingozi zempilo.

Indlela enokwenzeka yokwandisa i-D-dimer kwi-AAD: Emva kokuba umaleko ophakathi wodonga lwemithambo ye-aortic wonakele ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, udonga lwemithambo luyaqhekeka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi lingene kwi-linings yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ukuze lenze "umgodi wobuxoki", ngenxa yegazi lokwenyani nelobuxoki elikwi-cavity Kukho umahluko omkhulu kwisantya sokuhamba, kwaye isantya sokuhamba kwi-false cavity sicotha kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela i-thrombosis ngokulula, ibangele ukuba inkqubo ye-fibrinolytic isebenze, kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhuthaze ukunyuka kwenqanaba le-D-dimer.

03. Izinto ezichaphazela i-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP

1. Iimpawu zomzimba

Ukuphakama: Kukho umahluko omkhulu ngokweminyaka, abafazi abakhulelweyo, umthambo onzima, ukuya exesheni.

2. Impembelelo yesifo

Iphakanyisiwe: isifo sohlangothi lwemithambo yegazi, unyango lwe-thrombolytic, usulelo oluqatha, i-sepsis, i-tissue gangrene, i-preeclampsia, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sesibindi esiqatha, i-sarcoidosis.

3. I-Hyperlipidemia kunye nemiphumo yokusela

Ukuphakama: abasela;

Ukunciphisa: i-hyperlipidemia.

4. Iziphumo zeziyobisi

Iphakanyisiweyo: i-heparin, amayeza okunciphisa umfutho wegazi, i-urokinase, i-streptokinase kunye ne-staphylokinase;

Ukuncipha: izithintelo zokukhulelwa ezithethwa ngomlomo kunye ne-estrogen.
04. Isishwankathelo

Ukufunyanwa kwe-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP kukhuselekile, kulula, kuyakhawuleza, kuyabiza, kwaye kuya kuba nobunzima kakhulu. Zombini ziya kuba notshintsho olwahlukeneyo kwizifo zentliziyo, isifo sesibindi, isifo semithambo yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi olubangelwa kukukhulelwa, kunye ne-pre-eclampsia. Kubalulekile ukugweba ubukhali besifo, ukujonga uphuhliso kunye notshintsho lwesifo, kunye nokuvavanya isiphumo sokunyanga.