1. Lub sijhawm Prothrombin (PT):

PT hais txog lub sijhawm uas xav tau rau kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin mus rau hauv thrombin, ua rau plasma coagulation, uas cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm coagulation ntawm txoj kev coagulation sab nraud. PT feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov theem ntawm cov yam ntxwv coagulation I, II, V, VII, thiab X synthesized los ntawm lub siab. Qhov tseem ceeb coagulation factor hauv txoj kev coagulation sab nraud yog factor VII, uas tsim FVIIa-TF complex nrog cov ntaub so ntswg factor (TF). , uas pib cov txheej txheem coagulation sab nraud. PT ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm luv dua li cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub. Thaum cov yam ntxwv X, V, II lossis I txo qis, PT tuaj yeem ntev. PT tsis rhiab heev rau qhov tsis muaj ib qho coagulation factor. PT ntev heev thaum qhov concentration ntawm prothrombin poob qis dua 20% ntawm qib ib txwm thiab cov yam ntxwv V, VII, thiab X poob qis dua 35% ntawm qib ib txwm. PT tau ntev heev yam tsis ua rau los ntshav tsis zoo. Lub sijhawm prothrombin luv luv thaum cev xeeb tub pom hauv cov kab mob thromboembolic thiab hypercoagulable xeev. Yog tias PT ntev dua 3 vib nas this dua li kev tswj hwm ib txwm muaj, yuav tsum xav txog kev kuaj mob DIC.

2. Lub sijhawm thrombin:

Lub sijhawm Thrombin yog lub sijhawm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm fibrinogen mus rau fibrin, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov zoo thiab ntau ntawm fibrinogen hauv cov ntshav. Lub sijhawm Thrombin luv dua rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm piv rau cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm thrombin thoob plaws cev xeeb tub. Lub sijhawm Thrombin kuj yog qhov ntsuas rhiab heev rau cov khoom puas tsuaj fibrin thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev fibrinolytic. Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm thrombin luv dua thaum cev xeeb tub, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub sib txawv tsis tseem ceeb, uas kuj qhia tau tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev fibrinolytic hauv cev xeeb tub ib txwm tau txhim kho. , kom sib npaug thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm coagulation. Wang Li et al [6] tau ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb sib piv ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm thiab cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem lub sijhawm thrombin ntawm pawg poj niam cev xeeb tub lig tau luv dua li cov ntawm pawg tswj hwm thiab pawg cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab, qhia tias lub sijhawm thrombin hauv pawg cev xeeb tub lig siab dua li ntawm PT thiab ua haujlwm ib nrab thromboplastin. Lub sijhawm (ua haujlwm ib nrab thromboplastin lub sijhawm, APTT) yog qhov rhiab heev dua.

3. APTT:

Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib nrab thromboplastin feem ntau yog siv los ntes cov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm coagulation ntawm txoj kev coagulation intrinsic. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej physiological, cov yam ntxwv coagulation tseem ceeb uas koom nrog hauv txoj kev coagulation intrinsic yog XI, XII, VIII thiab VI, uas coagulation factor XII yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev no. XI thiab XII, prokallikrein thiab cov excitogen hnyav molecular siab koom ua ke hauv theem sib cuag ntawm coagulation. Tom qab ua haujlwm ntawm theem sib cuag, XI thiab XII raug ua haujlwm sib law liag, yog li pib txoj kev coagulation endogenous. Cov ntawv ceeb toom qhia tias piv rau cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib nrab thromboplastin hauv cev xeeb tub ib txwm luv dua thoob plaws cev xeeb tub, thiab lub sijhawm thib ob thiab thib peb luv dua li cov nyob rau theem thaum ntxov. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub ib txwm, cov yam ntxwv coagulation XII, VIII, X, thiab XI nce ntxiv raws li qhov nce ntawm lub lis piam cev xeeb tub thoob plaws cev xeeb tub, vim tias coagulation factor XI yuav tsis hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm thib ob thiab thib peb ntawm cev xeeb tub, tag nrho cov haujlwm coagulation endogenous Hauv nruab nrab thiab lig cev xeeb tub, cov kev hloov pauv tsis pom tseeb.

4. Fibrinogen (Fg):

Ua ib qho glycoprotein, nws tsim cov peptide A thiab peptide B nyob rau hauv thrombin hydrolysis, thiab thaum kawg tsim cov fibrin insoluble kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Fg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm platelet aggregation. Thaum platelets raug qhib, fibrinogen receptor GP Ib/IIIa raug tsim rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, thiab platelet aggregates raug tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm Fg, thiab thaum kawg thrombus raug tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ib qho protein reactive, qhov nce ntawm plasma concentration ntawm Fg qhia tias muaj kev cuam tshuam inflammatory hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav rheology thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm plasma viscosity. Nws koom nrog ncaj qha rau hauv coagulation thiab txhim kho platelet aggregation. Thaum preeclampsia tshwm sim, Fg theem nce ntxiv ntau, thiab thaum lub cev coagulation function yog decompensated, Fg theem thaum kawg poob qis. Muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb rov qab tau qhia tias Fg theem thaum lub sijhawm nkag mus rau hauv chav yug menyuam yog qhov qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm postpartum hemorrhage. Tus nqi kwv yees zoo yog 100% [7]. Hauv peb lub hlis thib peb, cov ntshav Fg feem ntau yog 3 txog 6 g/L. Thaum lub sijhawm ua kom cov ntshav coagulation, cov ntshav Fg siab dua yuav tiv thaiv kev mob hypofibrinemia. Tsuas yog thaum cov ntshav Fg>1.5 g/L tuaj yeem ua kom cov ntshav coagulation ua haujlwm zoo, thaum cov ntshav Fg<1.5 g/L, thiab hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav Fg<1 g/L, yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm DIC, thiab yuav tsum tau ua kev tshuaj xyuas dynamic. Tsom mus rau qhov kev hloov pauv ob txoj kev ntawm Fg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm thrombin thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm platelet aggregation. Hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj Fg siab, yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov cim qhia txog hypercoagulability thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv autoimmune [8]. Gao Xiaoli thiab Niu Xiumin[9] piv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntshav Fg ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm muaj, thiab pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fg muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo nrog kev ua haujlwm thrombin. Muaj qhov nyiam ua rau thrombosis.