1. Lokacin Prothrombin (PT):

PT yana nufin lokacin da ake buƙata don canza prothrombin zuwa thrombin, wanda ke haifar da coagulation na plasma, wanda ke nuna aikin coagulation na hanyar coagulation na waje. Ana ƙayyade PT galibi ta hanyar matakan abubuwan coagulation I, II, V, VII, da X waɗanda hanta ta haɗa. Babban abin da ke haifar da coagulation a cikin hanyar coagulation na waje shine factor VII, wanda ke samar da hadaddun FVIIa-TF tare da factor na nama (TF)., wanda ke fara aikin coagulation na waje. PT na mata masu juna biyu na yau da kullun ya fi guntu fiye da na mata masu juna biyu. Lokacin da abubuwan X, V, II ko I suka ragu, ana iya tsawaita PT. PT ba ta da alaƙa da rashin coagulation guda ɗaya. PT yana tsawaita sosai lokacin da yawan prothrombin ya faɗi ƙasa da 20% na matakin al'ada kuma abubuwan V, VII, da X sun faɗi ƙasa da 35% na matakin al'ada. An tsawaita PT sosai ba tare da haifar da zubar jini mara kyau ba. Ana ganin gajarta lokacin prothrombin yayin daukar ciki a cikin cututtukan thromboembolic da yanayin coagulation mai yawa. Idan PT ya fi tsawon daƙiƙa 3 fiye da yadda aka saba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da ganewar cutar DIC.

2. Lokacin Thrombin:

Lokacin Thrombin shine lokacin da ake canza fibrinogen zuwa fibrin, wanda zai iya nuna inganci da adadin fibrinogen a cikin jini. Lokacin Thrombin yana raguwa a cikin mata masu juna biyu na yau da kullun idan aka kwatanta da mata masu juna biyu. Babu wani muhimmin canji a cikin lokacin thrombin a duk lokacin daukar ciki. Lokacin Thrombin kuma ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci ga samfuran lalata fibrin da canje-canje a cikin tsarin fibrinolytic. Kodayake lokacin thrombin yana raguwa yayin daukar ciki, canje-canje tsakanin lokutan daukar ciki daban-daban ba su da mahimmanci, wanda kuma yana nuna cewa kunna tsarin fibrinolytic a cikin daukar ciki na yau da kullun yana ƙaruwa. , don daidaita da haɓaka aikin coagulation. Wang Li et al[6] sun gudanar da wani bincike na kwatantawa tsakanin mata masu juna biyu na yau da kullun da mata marasa juna biyu. Sakamakon gwajin lokacin thrombin na ƙungiyar mata masu juna biyu sun yi gajeru sosai fiye da na ƙungiyar kulawa da ƙungiyoyin ciki na farko da na tsakiya, wanda ke nuna cewa ma'aunin lokacin thrombin a cikin ƙungiyar daukar ciki na ƙarshen ya fi na PT da kuma thromboplastin na ɓangaren da aka kunna. Lokaci (lokacin thromboplastin da aka kunna, APTT) ya fi sauƙi.

3. APTT:

Ana amfani da lokacin thromboplastin mai aiki a ɓangaren da aka kunna galibi don gano canje-canje a cikin aikin coagulation na hanyar coagulation ta ciki. A ƙarƙashin yanayin ilimin halittar jiki, manyan abubuwan coagulation da ke da hannu a cikin hanyar coagulation ta ciki sune XI, XII, VIII da VI, wanda factor coagulation na ciki XII muhimmin abu ne a cikin wannan hanyar. XI da XII, prokalikrein da excitogen mai nauyin kwayoyin halitta masu yawa suna shiga cikin matakin coagulation. Bayan kunna matakin contact, XI da XII suna kunnawa a jere, ta haka ne suke fara hanyar coagulation ta ciki. Rahotannin adabi sun nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da mata marasa juna biyu, lokacin thromboplastin mai aiki a cikin ɓangaren da aka kunna a cikin yanayin da aka saba yana raguwa a duk lokacin daukar ciki, kuma watanni na biyu da na uku sun fi guntu fiye da waɗanda ke matakin farko. Kodayake a cikin lokacin daukar ciki na yau da kullun, abubuwan coagulation na XII, VIII, X, da XI suna ƙaruwa daidai da ƙaruwar makonnin daukar ciki a duk lokacin daukar ciki, saboda factor coagulation na XI bazai canza ba a cikin watanni na biyu da na uku na ciki, aikin coagulation na ciki gaba ɗaya A cikin ciki na tsakiya da na ƙarshe, canje-canjen ba a bayyane suke ba.

4. Fibrinogen (Fg):

A matsayin glycoprotein, yana samar da peptide A da peptide B a ƙarƙashin thrombin hydrolysis, kuma a ƙarshe yana samar da fibrin mara narkewa don dakatar da zubar jini. Fg yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin tattara platelets. Lokacin da aka kunna platelets, ana samar da fibrinogen receptor GP Ib/IIIa akan membrane, kuma ana samar da platelets ta hanyar haɗin Fg, kuma a ƙarshe ana samar da thrombus. Bugu da ƙari, a matsayin furotin mai amsawa mai tsanani, ƙaruwar yawan Fg a cikin plasma yana nuna cewa akwai amsawar kumburi a cikin jijiyoyin jini, wanda zai iya shafar rheology na jini kuma shine babban abin da ke ƙayyade danko na plasma. Yana shiga kai tsaye cikin coagulation kuma yana haɓaka tarin platelets. Lokacin da preeclampsia ya faru, matakan Fg suna ƙaruwa sosai, kuma lokacin da aikin coagulation na jiki ya ragu, matakan Fg daga ƙarshe suna raguwa. Yawancin bincike da aka yi a baya sun nuna cewa matakin Fg a lokacin shiga ɗakin haihuwa shine mafi ma'ana alama don annabta faruwar zubar jini bayan haihuwa. Darajar hasashen mai kyau shine 100% [7]. A cikin watanni uku na uku na ciki, Fg na plasma yawanci yana tsakanin 3 zuwa 6 g/L. A lokacin kunna coagulation, Fg na plasma mafi girma yana hana hypofibrineemia na asibiti. Sai lokacin da Fg>1.5 g/L na plasma zai iya tabbatar da aikin coagulation na al'ada, lokacin da Fg na plasma <1.5 g/L, kuma a cikin mawuyacin hali Fg <1 g/L, ya kamata a kula da haɗarin DIC, kuma a yi bita mai ƙarfi. Dangane da canje-canjen da ke faruwa a ɓangarorin biyu na Fg, abun ciki na Fg yana da alaƙa da aikin thrombin kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin tattara platelet. A cikin lokuta tare da Fg mai yawa, ya kamata a kula da binciken alamun da ke da alaƙa da hypercoagulability da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na autoimmune [8]. Gao Xiaoli da Niu Xiumin[9] sun kwatanta abun ciki na Fg na plasma na mata masu juna biyu tare da ciwon suga na ciki da mata masu juna biyu na yau da kullun, kuma sun gano cewa abun ciki na Fg yana da alaƙa mai kyau da aikin thrombin. Akwai yanayin thrombosis.