Hauv lub plawv lossis cov hlab ntsha uas muaj sia nyob, qee yam khoom hauv cov ntshav coagulate lossis coagulate los ua ib pawg khov kho, uas hu ua thrombosis. Cov pawg khov kho uas tsim tau hu ua thrombus.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, muaj cov txheej txheem coagulation thiab cov txheej txheem anticoagulation (fibrinolysis system, lossis fibrinolysis system luv luv) hauv cov ntshav, thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm ob qho no tau tswj hwm, kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntshav ncig hauv lub plawv hauv lub xeev kua.
Cov coagulation factors hauv cov ntshav raug ua haujlwm tas li, thiab me me ntawm thrombin raug tsim los ua me me ntawm fibrin, uas raug tso rau ntawm intima ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab tom qab ntawd yaj los ntawm lub kaw lus fibrinolytic uas tau ua haujlwm. Tib lub sijhawm, cov coagulation factors uas tau ua haujlwm kuj raug phagocytosed thiab tshem tawm los ntawm lub kaw lus mononuclear macrophage.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov mob pathological, qhov sib npaug ntawm kev coagulation thiab anticoagulation raug cuam tshuam, qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev coagulation yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov ntshav coagulates hauv lub plawv system los tsim thrombus.
Feem ntau, thrombosis muaj peb yam mob hauv qab no:
1. Kev raug mob ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv
Lub intima ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha ib txwm muaj nyob ruaj khov thiab du, thiab cov hlwb endothelial uas nyob ruaj khov tuaj yeem tiv thaiv platelet adhesion thiab anticoagulation. Thaum lub membrane sab hauv puas lawm, lub coagulation system tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntau txoj hauv kev.
Thawj qhov intima puas tsuaj tso tawm cov ntaub so ntswg coagulation factor (coagulation factor III), uas ua rau lub cev coagulation system extrinsic ua haujlwm.
Qhov thib ob, tom qab lub intima raug puas tsuaj, cov hlwb endothelial raug kev puas tsuaj, necrosis, thiab shedding, qhia cov collagen fibers nyob rau hauv endothelium, yog li ua kom cov coagulation factor XII ntawm endogenous coagulation system thiab pib lub endogenous coagulation system. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub intima puas tsuaj dhau los ua ntxhib, uas yog qhov zoo rau platelet deposition thiab adhesion. Tom qab cov platelets adhered rupture, ntau yam platelet factors raug tso tawm, thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem coagulation raug qhib, ua rau cov ntshav coagulate thiab tsim ib tug thrombus.
Ntau yam kev ua rau lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kab mob hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv, xws li endocarditis hauv npua erysipelas, pulmonary vasculitis hauv bovine pneumonia, equine parasitic arteritis, rov txhaj tshuaj rau tib feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha, Kev raug mob thiab tho qhov ntawm phab ntsa hlab ntsha thaum phais.
2. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav ntws
Feem ntau yog hais txog kev ntshav qeeb, kev tsim cov vortex thiab kev tso tseg ntshav.
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, cov ntshav ntws ceev ceev, thiab cov qe ntshav liab, cov ntshav platelets thiab lwm yam khoom sib sau ua ke hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas hu ua axial flow; thaum cov ntshav ntws qeeb qeeb, cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov ntshav platelets yuav ntws ze rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, hu ua side flow, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis.
Cov ntshav ntws qeeb qeeb, thiab cov hlwb endothelial tsis muaj pa oxygen txaus, ua rau cov hlwb endothelial puas tsuaj thiab tuag, ua rau lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tsim thiab tso cov tshuaj anticoagulant, thiab kev raug cov collagen, uas ua rau lub cev coagulation system ua haujlwm thiab txhawb kev thrombosis.
Cov ntshav ntws qeeb kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov thrombus uas tau tsim yooj yim los kho rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv.
Yog li ntawd, thrombus feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov leeg ntshav uas cov ntshav ntws qeeb thiab yooj yim rau cov dej ntws eddy (ntawm cov hlab ntsha venous). Cov ntshav ntws ntawm aortic yog ceev, thiab thrombus tsis tshua pom. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, qhov tshwm sim ntawm venous thrombosis yog 4 npaug ntau dua li ntawm arterial thrombosis, thiab venous thrombosis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, tom qab phais lossis hauv cov tsiaj mob pw hauv lub zes ntev.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum pab cov tsiaj mob uas tau pw ntev thiab tom qab phais kom ua qee yam dej num kom tiv thaiv tau thrombosis.
3. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav.
Feem ntau yog hais txog kev ua kom cov ntshav khov ntau ntxiv. Xws li kub hnyiab ntau, qhuav dej, thiab lwm yam kom cov ntshav sib sau ua ke, raug mob hnyav, tom qab yug menyuam, thiab poob ntshav hnyav tom qab kev phais loj tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav platelets ntau ntxiv, ua rau cov ntshav viscosity ntau ntxiv, thiab ua rau cov fibrinogen, thrombin thiab lwm yam coagulation hauv plasma ntau ntxiv. Cov yam no tuaj yeem ua rau thrombosis.
Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Peb yam saum toj no feem ntau nyob ua ke hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm thrombosis thiab cuam tshuam rau ib leeg, tab sis qee yam ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau theem ntawm thrombosis.
Yog li ntawd, hauv kev kho mob, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv thrombosis los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej ntawm thrombosis thiab ua cov kev ntsuas raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Xws li cov txheej txheem phais yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev phais mob maj mam, yuav tsum sim zam kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha. Yog tias txhaj tshuaj mus sij hawm ntev, tsis txhob siv tib qho chaw, thiab lwm yam.
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