(1) D-dimer
Monga zotsatira za kuwonongeka kwa fibrin yolumikizidwa, D-dimer ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chomwe chikuwonetsa kuyambitsa kwa magazi kuundana ndi hyperfibrinolysis yachiwiri. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19, kuchuluka kwa D-dimer kokwera ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha matenda omwe angabuke. Kuchuluka kwa D-dimer kumagwirizananso kwambiri ndi kuopsa kwa matenda, ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi D-dimer yokwera kwambiri omwe amalowa m'chipatala amakhala ndi chiyembekezo choipa. Malangizo ochokera ku International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) amalimbikitsa kuti D-dimer yokwera kwambiri (nthawi zambiri yoposa nthawi 3 kapena 4 kuposa malire apamwamba a normal) ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha odwala a COVID-19, atachotsa zoletsa. Kuchepetsa magazi kuundana ndi mlingo woteteza wa heparin yolemera pang'ono kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala otere mwachangu momwe angathere. D-dimer ikakwezedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo pali kukayikira kwakukulu kwa venous thrombosis kapena microvascular embolism, kuchepetsa magazi kuundana ndi mlingo wochiritsira wa heparin kuyenera kuganiziridwa.

Ngakhale kuti D-dimer yokwera ingatanthauzenso hyperfibrinolysis, kukonda kutuluka magazi mwa odwala a COVID-19 omwe ali ndi D-dimer yokwera kwambiri sikwachilendo pokhapokha ngati akupita ku gawo lowonekera la DIC hypoagulable, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti COVID-19 Fibrinolytic system ya -19 ikadali yoletsedwa. Chizindikiro china chokhudzana ndi fibrin, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa mulingo wa FDP ndi mulingo wa D-dimer chinali chimodzimodzi.

 

(2) PT
PT yayitali ndi chizindikiro cha matenda omwe angathe kutsekeka kwa magazi mwa odwala a COVID-19 ndipo yawonetsedwa kuti ikugwirizana ndi vuto loipa la matenda. Poyamba matenda a coagulation mu COVID-19, odwala omwe ali ndi PT nthawi zambiri amakhala abwinobwino kapena osazolowereka pang'ono, ndipo PT yayitali mu nthawi yotsekeka kwa magazi nthawi zambiri imasonyeza kuyambitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsekeka kwa magazi, komanso kuchepa kwa fibrin polymerization, kotero ndi njira yopewera kutsekeka kwa magazi. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro. Komabe, PT ikatalikitsidwa kwambiri, makamaka pamene wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro za kutuluka magazi, zimasonyeza kuti matenda a coagulation alowa mu gawo lotsika la coagulation, kapena wodwalayo akuvutika ndi kusakwanira kwa chiwindi, kusowa kwa vitamini K, kumwa mankhwala oletsa kutsekeka kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero, ndipo plasma iyenera kuganiziridwa. Chithandizo china. Chinthu china chowunikira kutsekeka kwa magazi, nthawi yoyambitsa thromboplastin (APTT), nthawi zambiri imasungidwa pamlingo wabwinobwino panthawi ya hypercoagulation ya matenda a coagulation, zomwe zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa reactivity ya factor VIII mu mkhalidwe wotupa.

 

(3) Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ndi mayeso a ntchito
Ngakhale kuyambika kwa magazi oundana kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma platelet, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet sikwachilendo kwa odwala a COVID-19, zomwe zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutulutsa kwa thrombopoietin, IL-6, ma cytokines omwe amalimbikitsa kupangika kwa ma platelet m'malo otupa. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa ma platelet si chizindikiro chodziwikiratu chomwe chikuwonetsa matenda oundana mu COVID-19, ndipo kungakhale kopindulitsa kwambiri kulabadira kusintha kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi matenda osakhazikika ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za prophylactic anticoagulation. Komabe, pamene kuchuluka kwachepa kwambiri (monga, <50×109/L), ndipo wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro za kutuluka magazi, kuikidwa kwa platelet kuyenera kuganiziridwa.

Mofanana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wakale mwa odwala omwe ali ndi sepsis, mayeso a ntchito ya ma platelet mu vitro mwa odwala a COVID-19 omwe ali ndi vuto la kutsekeka kwa magazi nthawi zambiri amapereka zotsatira zochepa, koma ma platelet enieni mwa odwala nthawi zambiri amayatsidwa, zomwe zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito. Ma platelet ambiri amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira yotsekeka kwa magazi, ndipo ntchito ya ma platelet m'magazi omwe asonkhanitsidwa ndi yochepa.

 

(4) FIB
Monga puloteni yothandiza pa nthawi yotupa, odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19 nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa FIB m'gawo loopsa la matenda, zomwe sizimangogwirizana ndi kuopsa kwa kutupa kokha, komanso kuchuluka kwa FIB komwe kumadziwika kuti ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa thrombosis, kotero ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati COVID-19 Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kuchepetsa magazi m'thupi mwa odwala. Komabe, wodwalayo akamachepa pang'onopang'ono mu FIB, zitha kusonyeza kuti vuto la magazi m'thupi lafika pagawo losalimba, kapena wodwalayo ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi, lomwe nthawi zambiri limachitika kumapeto kwa matendawa, pamene FIB <1.5 g/L komanso limodzi ndi kutuluka magazi, kulowetsedwa kwa FIB kuyenera kuganiziridwa.