(1) D-dimer
Dịka ihe na-emebi emebi nke fibrin jikọtara ọnụ, D-dimer bụ ihe ngosi a na-ahụkarị nke na-egosipụta mkpali coagulation na hyperfibrinolysis nke abụọ. N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere COVID-19, ọkwa D-dimer dị elu bụ ihe nrịbama dị mkpa maka nsogbu coagulation nwere ike ime. Ọkwa D-dimer na-ejikọkwa onwe ya na oke ọrịa ahụ, ndị ọrịa nwere D-dimer dị elu nke ukwuu mgbe a na-anabata ha nwere amụma ka njọ. Ntuziaka sitere na International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) na-akwado ka D-dimer dị elu nke ukwuu (n'ozuzu ihe karịrị ugboro 3 ma ọ bụ 4 karịa oke elu nke nkịtị) nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosi maka ụlọ ọgwụ na ndị ọrịa COVID-19, mgbe ewepụchara ihe mgbochi. A ga-enye ndị ọrịa dị otú ahụ ọgwụ mgbochi coagulation na ọgwụ mgbochi prophylactic nke obere molekul dị arọ heparin ozugbo enwere ike. Mgbe D-dimer na-abawanye elu nke ukwuu ma enwere nnukwu enyo nke thrombosis venous ma ọ bụ microvascular embolism, a ga-atụle anticoagulation na doses ọgwụgwọ nke heparin.

Ọ bụ ezie na D-dimer dị elu nwekwara ike ịpụta hyperfibrinolysis, mmụba ọbara n'ọbara n'ime ndị ọrịa COVID-19 nwere D-dimer dị elu nke ukwuu abụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị ma ọ gwụla ma ọ na-aga n'ihu na DIC hypocoagulable phase, na-egosi na COVID-19. Sistemụ fibrinolytic nke -19 ka na-egbochikarị. Ihe ọzọ metụtara fibrin, ya bụ, mgbanwe nke ọkwa FDP na ọkwa D-dimer bụ otu ihe ahụ.

 

(2) PT
PT ogologo oge bụkwa ihe na-egosi nsogbu coagulation nwere ike ime na ndị ọrịa COVID-19 ma egosila na ọ na-ejikọta ya na enweghị amụma. N'oge mbụ nke nsogbu coagulation na COVID-19, ndị ọrịa nwere PT na-abụkarị ndị nkịtị ma ọ bụ ndị na-adịghị mma, PT ogologo oge na oge hypercoagulable na-egosikarị mkpali na oriri nke ihe ndị na-akpata coagulation exogenous, yana mbelata nke fibrin polymerization, yabụ ọ bụkwa ihe mgbochi mgbochi coagulation. Otu n'ime ihe ngosi. Agbanyeghị, mgbe PT na-agbatịkwu nke ukwuu, karịsịa mgbe onye ọrịa nwere ngosipụta ọbara ọgbụgba, ọ na-egosi na nsogbu coagulation abanyela na ọkwa coagulation dị ala, ma ọ bụ onye ọrịa ahụ nwere mgbagwoju anya site na enweghị oke imeju, enweghị vitamin K, oke ọgwụ mgbochi, wdg, na a ga-atụle mmịnye plasma. Ọgwụgwọ ọzọ. Ihe nyocha coagulation ọzọ, nke a na-arụ ọrụ n'oge thromboplastin nke akụkụ (APTT), na-anọgide na-enwe ọkwa nkịtị n'oge hypercoagulable nke nsogbu coagulation, nke enwere ike ịkọwa na mmụba nke mmeghachi omume nke factor VIII na ọnọdụ mkpali.

 

(3) Ọnụọgụgụ platelet na ule ọrụ
Ọ bụ ezie na ịgbalite coagulation nwere ike ibute mbelata oriri platelet, mbelata ọnụọgụ platelet adịghị adịkarị na ndị ọrịa COVID-19, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe metụtara mmụba nke mwepụta nke thrombopoietin, IL-6, cytokines nke na-akwalite mmeghachi omume platelet na ọnọdụ mbufụt. Ya mere, uru zuru oke nke ọnụọgụ platelet abụghị ihe ngosi dị nro nke na-egosipụta nsogbu coagulation na COVID-19, ọ nwekwara ike ịba uru karịa ịṅa ntị na mgbanwe ya. Na mgbakwunye, mbelata ọnụọgụ platelet na-ejikọta nke ukwuu na amụma na-adịghị mma ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime ihe ngosi maka mgbochi coagulation prophylactic. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ ahụ belatara nke ukwuu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, <50×109/L), onye ọrịa ahụ enweekwa ngosipụta ọbara ọgbụgba, a ga-atụle mmịnye akụkụ platelet.

Dịka nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ ihe gara aga n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere sepsis, nnwale ọrụ platelet in vitro na ndị ọrịa COVID-19 nwere nsogbu coagulation na-abụkarị obere nsonaazụ, mana a na-arụ ọrụ platelet n'ezie n'ime ndị ọrịa, nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi obere ọrụ. A na-eji platelet dị elu eme ihe na mbụ site na usoro coagulation, ọrụ platelet dị n'ime mgbasa ozi a na-anakọta dịkwa obere.

 

(4) FIB
Dịka protein mmeghachi omume nke usoro acute phase, ndị ọrịa nwere COVID-19 na-enwekarị ọkwa FIB dị elu n'oge ọrịa acute phase, nke na-abụghị naanị na ọ metụtara oke mbufụt, kamakwa mmụba dị elu nke FIB n'onwe ya bụkwa ihe egwu maka thrombosis, yabụ enwere ike iji ya dị ka COVID-19 Otu n'ime ihe ngosi maka mgbochi coagulation na ndị ọrịa. Agbanyeghị, mgbe onye ọrịa ahụ nwere mbelata na-aga n'ihu na FIB, ọ nwere ike igosi na nsogbu coagulation agaala n'ọkwa hypocoagulable, ma ọ bụ onye ọrịa ahụ nwere oke nsogbu imeju, nke na-emekarị na njedebe nke ọrịa ahụ, mgbe FIB <1.5 g/L na-esokwa ọbara ọgbụgba, a ga-atụle ntinye FIB.