Isi ihe mejupụtara hemostasis nke ahụ mmadụ bụ akụkụ atọ:

1. Nrụgide nke arịa ọbara n'onwe ya 2. Platelets na-emepụta embolus 3. Mmalite nke ihe ndị na-akpata coagulation

Mgbe anyị merụrụ ahụ, anyị na-emebi arịa ọbara dị n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ, nke nwere ike ime ka ọbara banye n'ime anụ ahụ anyị, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọnyá ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ adịghị ọcha, ma ọ bụ na-agba ọbara ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ agbawaa. N'oge a, ahụ ga-amalite usoro hemostatic.

Nke mbụ, akwara ọbara na-ebelata, na-ebelata mgbasa ọbara

Nke abụọ, platelet na-amalite ịchịkọta. Mgbe arịa ọbara mebiri emebi, collagen na-apụta ìhè. Collagen na-adọta platelet gaa n'ebe merụrụ ahụ, platelet na-arapara ọnụ iji mepụta plọg. Ha na-ewulite ihe mgbochi ngwa ngwa nke na-egbochi anyị ịgba ọbara gabiga ókè.

Fibrin na-aga n'ihu na-arapara, na-ekwe ka platelets jikọọ nke ọma. N'ikpeazụ, ọbara na-akpụkọ, na-egbochi ọbara ka ọ pụọ n'ahụ ma na-egbochikwa nje ndị na-akpata ọrịa ịbanye n'ahụ anyị site n'èzí. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma n'ụzọ coagulation n'ahụ.

E nwere ụdị ọwa abụọ dị iche iche nke mpụga na nke dị n'ime.

Ụzọ Mkpọchi Mpụta: Ọ na-amalite site na ikpughe anụ ahụ mebiri emebi na kọntaktị ọbara na factor III. Mgbe mmebi anụ ahụ na akwara ọbara gbawara, ihe a na-ekpughere nke atọ na-emepụta mgbagwoju anya nwere Ca2+ na VII na plasma iji mee ka factor X rụọ ọrụ. N'ihi na ihe III na-amalite usoro a sitere na anụ ahụ dị n'èzí arịa ọbara, a na-akpọ ya ụzọ mkọchi mpụta.

Ụzọ coagulation dị n'ime: site na mmalite nke ihe XII. Mgbe arịa ọbara mebiri emebi ma kpughee eriri collagen dị n'okpuru, ọ nwere ike ịgbalite Ⅻ gaa Ⅻa, wee mee ka Ⅺ gaa Ⅺa rụọ ọrụ. Ⅺa na-eme ka Ⅸa rụọ ọrụ n'ihu Ca2+, wee mee ka Ⅸa mepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya nwere Ⅷa, PF3, na Ca2+ rụọ ọrụ iji mee ka X rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Ihe ndị metụtara coagulation ọbara n'ime usoro a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu niile dị na plasma ọbara n'ime arịa ọbara, ya mere a na-akpọ ha ụzọ coagulation ọbara dị n'ime.

Ihe a nwere ọrụ dị mkpa na coagulation cascade n'ihi njikọta nke ụzọ abụọ ahụ na ọkwa nke ihe X Factor X na ihe V na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke abụọ (prothrombin) rụọ ọrụ na plasma gaa na ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke IIa, (thrombin). Nnukwu thrombin ndị a na-eduga n'ịrụ ọrụ platelet na ịmepụta eriri. N'okpuru ọrụ nke thrombin, a na-agbanwe fibrinogen agbazere na plasma ka ọ bụrụ fibrin monomers; n'otu oge ahụ, thrombin na-eme ka XIII gaa na XIIIa, na-eme fibrin monomers. Ahụ fibrin na-ejikọ onwe ha iji mepụta polymers fibrin na-adịghị agbaze na mmiri, ma na-ejikọ onwe ha n'ime netwọk iji mechie mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara, mepụta mkpụkọ ọbara, ma mezue usoro coagulation ọbara. Thrombus a na-emecha mepụta scab nke na-echebe ọnya ahụ ka ọ na-ebili ma na-emepụta oyi akwa akpụkpọ ahụ ọhụrụ n'okpuru Platelets na fibrin na-arụ ọrụ naanị mgbe arịa ọbara gbawara ma kpughee ya, nke pụtara na n'ime arịa ọbara dị mma, ha anaghị ebute mkpụkọ n'amaghị ama.

Mana ọ na-egosikwa na ọ bụrụ na akwara ọbara gị agbawa n'ihi na plaque edobere n'ime ahụ, ọ ga-eme ka ọtụtụ platelets gbakọta, ma mechaa mepụta ọtụtụ thrombus iji gbochie arịa ọbara. Nke a bụkwa usoro ọrịa obi nke na-akpata ọrịa obi, nkụchi obi, na strok.