Lub hemostasis ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm peb ntu:

1. Kev nruj ntawm cov hlab ntsha nws tus kheej 2. Platelets tsim ib qho embolus 3. Kev pib ntawm cov coagulation factors

Thaum peb raug mob, peb ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv qab daim tawv nqaij puas tsuaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav nkag mus rau hauv peb cov nqaij, ua rau muaj qhov mob yog tias daim tawv nqaij tseem zoo, lossis los ntshav yog tias daim tawv nqaij tawg. Lub sijhawm no, lub cev yuav pib ua haujlwm hemostatic.

Ua ntej, cov hlab ntsha nqaim, txo cov ntshav ntws

Qhov thib ob, cov ntshav platelets pib sib sau ua ke. Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug puas tsuaj, collagen raug nthuav tawm. Collagen rub cov ntshav platelets mus rau thaj chaw raug mob, thiab cov ntshav platelets lo ua ke los ua ib qho txhaws. Lawv sai sai tsim ib qho thaiv uas tiv thaiv peb kom tsis txhob los ntshav ntau dhau.

Cov fibrin txuas ntxiv mus txuas, ua rau cov platelets txuas nruj dua. Thaum kawg cov ntshav txhaws tsim, tiv thaiv cov ntshav ntau dua los ntawm kev tawm hauv lub cev thiab tseem tiv thaiv cov kab mob phem kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev los ntawm sab nraud. Tib lub sijhawm, txoj kev coagulation hauv lub cev kuj tseem ua haujlwm.

Muaj ob hom kev sib txuas sab nraud thiab sab hauv.

Txoj kev coagulation sab nraud: Pib los ntawm kev raug cov nqaij puas tsuaj rau cov ntshav sib cuag nrog factor III. Thaum cov nqaij puas tsuaj thiab cov hlab ntsha tawg, cov factor III uas raug tsim los ua ib qho complex nrog Ca2+ thiab VII hauv plasma los ua kom cov factor X ua haujlwm. Vim tias cov factor III uas pib cov txheej txheem no los ntawm cov nqaij sab nraud cov hlab ntsha, nws hu ua txoj kev coagulation sab nraud.

Txoj kev coagulation intrinsic: pib los ntawm kev ua kom muaj factor XII. Thaum cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj thiab cov subintimal collagen fibers raug nthuav tawm, nws tuaj yeem ua kom Ⅻ txog Ⅻa, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom Ⅺ txog Ⅺa. Ⅺa ua kom Ⅸa ua haujlwm thaum muaj Ca2+, thiab tom qab ntawd Ⅸa tsim ib qho complex nrog activated Ⅷa, PF3, thiab Ca2+ kom ua kom X ua haujlwm ntxiv. Cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau kev coagulation ntshav hauv cov txheej txheem saum toj no yog txhua yam muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav plasma hauv cov hlab ntsha, yog li lawv raug hu ua txoj kev coagulation ntshav intrinsic.

Qhov no muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem coagulation vim yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob txoj hauv kev ntawm qib ntawm factor X Factor X thiab factor V ua kom cov inactive factor II (prothrombin) hauv plasma mus rau active factor IIa, (thrombin). Cov thrombin ntau no ua rau cov platelets ua haujlwm ntxiv thiab tsim cov fibers. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm thrombin, fibrinogen yaj hauv plasma hloov mus ua fibrin monomers; tib lub sijhawm, thrombin ua kom XIII txog XIIIa ua haujlwm, ua rau fibrin monomers. Cov fibrin bodies txuas nrog ib leeg los tsim cov dej-insoluble fibrin polymers, thiab interweave ib leeg mus rau hauv ib lub network los kaw cov qe ntshav, tsim cov ntshav txhaws, thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem coagulation ntshav. Qhov thrombus no thaum kawg tsim ib qho scab uas tiv thaiv qhov txhab thaum nws nce thiab tsim ib txheej tshiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv qab Platelets thiab fibrin tsuas yog ua haujlwm thaum cov hlab ntsha tawg thiab raug nthuav tawm, txhais tau tias hauv cov hlab ntsha noj qab haus huv ib txwm muaj lawv tsis ua rau muaj cov ntshav txhaws.

Tab sis nws kuj qhia tau tias yog tias koj cov hlab ntsha tawg vim yog cov plaque deposition, nws yuav ua rau muaj ntau cov platelets sib sau ua ke, thiab thaum kawg tsim ntau cov thrombus los thaiv cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no kuj yog lub pathophysiological mechanism ntawm coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, thiab stroke.