ʻO nā ʻōkuhi hoʻāʻo hana coagulation e komo pū me ka manawa prothrombin (PT), ka manawa thromboplastin hapa i hoʻāla ʻia (APTT), ka manawa thrombin (TT), fibrinogen (FIB), ka manawa clotting (CT) a me ka International normalized ratio (INR), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke koho ʻia kekahi mau mea e hana i kahi pūʻolo, i kapa ʻia ʻo coagulation X item. Ma muli o nā ʻano ʻike like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e nā haukapila like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā pae kuhikuhi.

Ka manawa PT-prothrombin

ʻO ka PT e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka tissue factor (TF a i ʻole tissue thromboplastin) a me Ca2+ i ka plasma e hoʻomaka i ka ʻōnaehana coagulation extrinsic a nānā i ka manawa coagulation o ka plasma. ʻO PT kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua nānā i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hana lapaʻau e loiloi i ka hana o ke ala coagulation extrinsic. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 10 a 14 kekona.

APTT - ka manawa thromboplastin hapa i hoʻāla ʻia

ʻO ka APTT ke hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻoulu kumu XII, Ca2+, phospholipid i ka plasma e hoʻomaka i ke ala coagulation endogenous plasma, a nānā i ka manawa coagulation plasma. ʻO APTT kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua nānā i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hana lapaʻau e loiloi i ka hana o ke ala coagulation intrinsic. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 32 a 43 kekona.

INR - Lākiō Normalized International

ʻO INR ka mana ISI o ka lakio o ka PT o ka mea maʻi i hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka PT o ka mana maʻamau (ʻo ISI kahi helu ʻike honua, a ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka reagent e ka mea hana ke haʻalele ia i ka hale hana). Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka plasma like me nā reagents ISI like ʻole ma nā keʻena hoʻokolohua like ʻole, a ua ʻokoʻa loa nā hopena waiwai PT, akā ua like nā waiwai INR i ana ʻia, kahi i hoʻohālikelike ai nā hopena. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 0.9 a 1.1.

Ka manawa TT-thrombin

ʻO TT ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka thrombin maʻamau i ka plasma e ʻike i ke kolu o ke kahua o ke kaʻina hana coagulation, e hōʻike ana i ka pae o ka fibrinogen i loko o ka plasma a me ka nui o nā mea like heparin i loko o ka plasma. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 16 a 18 kekona.

FIB-fibrinogen

ʻO ka FIB ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi nui o ka thrombin i ka plasma i hoʻāʻo ʻia e hoʻololi i ka fibrinogen i loko o ka plasma i fibrin, a helu i ka nui o ka fibrinogen ma o ke kumumanaʻo turbidimetric. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 2 a 4 g/L.

Huahana hoʻohaʻahaʻa fibrin FDP-plasma

ʻO FDP kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā huahana hōʻino i hana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka fibrin a i ʻole fibrinogen ma lalo o ka hana a plasmin i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hyperfibrinolysis. ʻO ka waiwai kuhikuhi maʻamau he 1 a 5 mg/L.

Ka manawa coagulation CT

ʻO ka CT ke kuhikuhi i ka manawa e haʻalele ai ke koko i nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻopili i loko o ka vitro. Hoʻoholo nui ia inā nele nā ​​​​​​mea coagulation like ʻole i ke ala coagulation intrinsic, inā he maʻamau kā lākou hana, a inā paha he piʻi ʻana o nā mea anticoagulant.