Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukuqhekeka kwegazi yinto embi.
I-cerebral thrombosis kunye ne-myocardial infarction zingabangela i-stroke, ukukhubazeka okanye nokufa ngequbuliso kumntu ophilayo.
Ngokwenene?
Enyanisweni, i-thrombus yindlela eqhelekileyo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni womntu. Ukuba akukho thrombus, uninzi lwabantu luya kufa ngenxa "yokulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi".
Ngamnye wethu uye wenzakala waza wopha igazi, njengokusikeka okuncinci emzimbeni, okuza kopha igazi kungekudala. Kodwa umzimba womntu uza kuzikhusela. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukopha igazi de kube sekufeni, igazi liya kuqina kancinci kwindawo yokopha igazi, oko kukuthi, igazi liya kwenza i-thrombus kwimithambo yegazi eyonakeleyo. Ngale ndlela, akusayi kubakho ukopha kwakhona.
Xa ukopha kuyeka, umzimba wethu uya kuyinyibilikisa kancinci i-thrombus, nto leyo evumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze kwakhona.
Indlela evelisa i-thrombus ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi; indlela esusa i-thrombus ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo ye-fibrinolytic. Xa umthambo wegazi wonakele emzimbeni womntu, inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi iyasebenza ngoko nangoko ukuthintela ukopha okuqhubekayo; xa kwenzeka i-thrombus, inkqubo ye-fibrinolytic esusa i-thrombus iya kusebenza ukuze inyibilikise i-blood clot.
Ezi nkqubo zimbini zilungelelaniswe ngendlela eguquguqukayo, ziqinisekisa ukuba igazi alijiyi okanye liphume igazi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, izifo ezininzi ziya kukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokujiya kwegazi, kunye nomonakalo kwi-intima yemithambo yegazi, kwaye ukuqina kwegazi kuya kwenza inkqubo ye-fibrinolytic ingabi sekwephuzile okanye inganeli ukunyibilikisa i-thrombus.
Umzekelo, kwi-acute myocardial infarction, kukho i-thrombosis kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Imeko yemithambo yegazi imbi kakhulu, kukho umonakalo owahlukeneyo osondeleyo, kwaye kukho i-stenosis, edibene nokuma kokuhamba kwegazi, akukho ndlela yokunyibilikisa i-thrombus, kwaye i-thrombus iya kuba nkulu ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Umzekelo, kubantu abalele ebhedini ixesha elide, ukuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni kuhamba kancinci, i-intima yemithambo yegazi yonakele, kwaye kwakheka i-thrombus. I-thrombus iya kuqhubeka inyibilika, kodwa isantya sokunyibilika asikhawulezi ngokwaneleyo, inokuwa, ibuye ingene kwi-pulmonary artery ecaleni kwenkqubo yegazi, ibambeke kwi-pulmonary artery, kwaye ibangele i-pulmonary embolism, ekwabulala.
Ngeli xesha, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezigulane, kuyimfuneko ukwenza i-thrombolysis ngokwenziwa kunye nokufaka amayeza asetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza i-thrombolysis, njenge-"urokinase". Nangona kunjalo, i-thrombolysis ngokubanzi kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha elifutshane emva kwe-thrombosis, njengakwiiyure ezi-6. Ukuba kuthatha ixesha elide, ayizukunyibilika. Ukuba unyusa ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-thrombolytic ngeli xesha, inokubangela ukopha kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
I-thrombus ayinakunyibilika. Ukuba ayivalwanga ngokupheleleyo, "i-stent" ingasetyenziselwa "ukutsala" umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi okuhamba kakuhle.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthambo wegazi uvalekile ixesha elide, kuya kubangela ischemic necrosis yezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo zezicubu. Ngeli xesha, kuphela "ngokudlula" eminye imithambo yegazi enokungeniswa "ekunkcenkcesheleni" esi siqwenga sezicubu esilahlekelwe yigazi laso.
Ukopha kunye nokujiya, i-thrombosis kunye ne-thrombolysis, yibhalansi ethambileyo egcina imisebenzi yomzimba ye-metabolism. Ayipheleli apho, kukho ibhalansi ezininzi ezinobuchule emzimbeni womntu, njenge-sympathetic nerve kunye ne-vagus nerve, ukugcina ukuchwayita kwabantu ngaphandle kokuvuya kakhulu; i-insulin kunye ne-glucagon zilawula ibhalansi yeswekile yegazi yabantu; i-calcitonin kunye ne-parathyroid hormone zilawula ibhalansi ye-calcium yegazi yabantu.
Xa ibhalansi ingasasebenzi kakuhle, kuza kuvela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwezifo emzimbeni womntu lubangelwa kukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
Ikhadi leshishini
I-WeChat yesiTshayina