Incazelo ye-In Vitro Diagnostic
I-In Vitro Diagnosis (IVD) ibhekisela endleleni yokuxilonga ethola ulwazi lokuxilonga ngomtholampilo ngokuqoqa nokuhlola amasampula ebhayoloji, njengegazi, amathe, noma izicubu, ukuze kuhlolwe, kwelashwe, noma kuvinjelwe izimo zempilo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-in vitro kuwumthombo obalulekile wokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, okunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zezinhlelo zokwelapha zodokotela. I-IVD iyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa impilo yabantu.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemakethe ye-IVD
Ngokusekelwe ekuhlukanisweni kwezimiso zokuhlola, ingxenye yemakethe ye-IVD ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-Microbiology, Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Coagulation, Immunoassay, Molecular Diagnostics, POCT, njll. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlukanisweni komkhiqizo wokuhlola, imakethe ye-IVD ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-reagents, izinsimbi, kanye nezinsizakalo.

Ukuvela kwe-IVD
Isigaba 1:
Ukusungulwa kwe-microscope kwaveza ezinye izindlela zokuhlola zendabuko.

Isigaba 2:
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezokwelapha zanamuhla kanye nokutholakala kwezindlela zokusabela ezibangelwa ama-enzyme kanye nezindlela zokusabela kwama-antigen-antibody kwabeka isisekelo se-biochemical kanye ne-immunodiagnosis, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa kwe-in vitro kuyakhula futhi kuyanda kancane kancane phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Isigaba 3:
Ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo se-DNA double helix, ubuchwepheshe be-monoclonal antibody, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-macromolecular markers kwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokuxilongwa kwama-molecule in vitro.

Imakethe Yomhlaba Wonke Ye-IVD
Ngaphezu kwama-70% emakethe ye-IVD yomhlaba wonke iphethwe yiYurophu, iNyakatho Melika kanye neJapan. Abadlali abane abaphambili bamazwe ngamazwe yiRoche (Switzerland), Abbott (US), Thermo (US) kanye neSiemens (Germany). Lezi zinkampani ezine zazinesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke esihlangene esingaba ngu-51% ngo-2017.