E rua ngā rangahau matua mō te toto totoka, arā, te wā thromboplastin wāhanga whakahohe (APTT) me te wā prothrombin (PT), ā, ka āwhina i te whakatau i te pūtake o ngā rerekētanga o te toto totoka.
Hei pupuri i te toto kia wai, me mahi te tinana i tētahi mahi taurite ātaahua. Kei roto i te toto e rere ana ngā wāhanga e rua o te toto, ko te procoagulant, e whakatairanga ana i te toto toto, me te anticoagulant, e aukati ana i te toto toto, hei pupuri i te rere o te toto. Heoi, ina pakaru tētahi oko toto, ā, ka whakararuraruhia te taurite, ka kohia te procoagulant ki te wāhi kua pakaru, ka tīmata te toto toto. He hononga-ki-te-hononga te tukanga toto toto, ā, ka taea te whakahohe e ngā pūnaha toto toto e rua i te taha whakarara, i roto, i waho rānei. Ka whakahohehia te pūnaha taketake ina pa te toto ki te collagen, ki te endothelium kua pakaru rānei. Ka whakahohehia te pūnaha o waho ina tukuna e te kiko kua pakaru ētahi matū toto toto pēnei i te thromboplastin. Ko te ara whakamutunga o ngā pūnaha e rua e arahi ana ki te tihi o te condensation. Ina puta tēnei tukanga toto toto toto, ahakoa he āhua ohorere, ka taea te mahi i ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga matua e rua, te wā thromboplastin wāhanga whakahohe (APTT) me te wā prothrombin (PT). Mā te mahi i ēnei whakamātautau ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā hapa toto toto toto katoa.

 

1. He aha te tohu o te APTT?

Ka arotakehia e te whakamātautau APTT ngā ara toto toto taketake me ngā ara toto toto noa. Ina koa, ka ine i te roa o te wā e hangaia ai he toto totoka fibrin e te tauira toto me te tāpiri i tētahi matū hohe (konupūmā) me ngā phospholipid. He tairongo ake, he tere ake hoki i te wā thromboplastin wāhanga. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te APTT hei aroturuki i te maimoatanga me te papura ate.

He rerekē te uara APTT noa o ia taiwhanga, engari ko te tikanga kei waenga i te 16 ki te 40 hēkona. Tērā pea ka tohu te roa o te wā kāore i te rawaka te rohe tuawhā o te ara taketake, te Xia, te tauwehe rānei, te korenga rānei o te tauwehe I, V, X rānei o te ara noa. Ka roa ake te APTT i ngā tūroro he ngoikore te huaora K, he mate ate, he mate toto toto whānui rānei. Ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā—ngā paturopi, ngā rongoā ārai toto, ngā rongoā narkotika, ngā rongoā aspirin rānei te roa ake o te APTT.

Ka puta pea te hekenga o te APTT mai i te toto tere, i ngā mate pukupuku nui (haunga te mate pukupuku ate) me ētahi rongoā tae atu ki ngā antihistamine, ngā antacids, ngā rongoā digitalis, me ētahi atu.

2. He aha te mea e whakaatuhia ana e te PT?

Ka arotakehia e te whakamātautau PT ngā ara toto toto o waho me ngā ara toto toto noa. Hei aroturuki i te maimoatanga me ngā rongoā ārai toto. Ka inehia e tēnei whakamātautau te wā e toto toto ai te toto i muri i te tāpiritanga o te kiko me te konupūmā ki te tauira toto. Ko te awhe noa mō te PT he 11 ki te 16 hēkona. Ko te roa o te PT he tohu pea i te korenga o te thrombin profibrinogen, te take V, W, X rānei.

Ka taea hoki e ngā tūroro e ruaki ana, e korere ana, e kai ana i ngā huawhenua rau matomato, e inu waipiro ana, e rongoā ana rānei mō te wā roa ki ngā paturopi, ki ngā rongoā whakaheke toto, ki ngā rongoā whakaheke toto ā-waha, ki ngā rongoā narkotika, me ngā horopeta nui o te aspirin te whakaroa i te PT. Ka taea hoki e ngā antihistamine barbiturates, antacids, huaora K rānei te take o te PT iti.

Mena ka neke atu i te 40 hēkona te roa o te PT a te tūroro, me hoatu he huaora K ki roto i tōna uaua, he toto tio maroke hou rānei. Aromatawaihia te toto o te tūroro i ia wā, tirohia tōna āhua pūnaha io, ā, me whakamātautau toto huna i roto i te mimi me te paru.

 

3. Whakamāramahia ngā hua

Ko te tūroro he rerekē te toto toto e hiahiatia ana kia rua ngā whakamātautau, arā, ko te APTT me te PT, ā, me whakamārama e koe ēnei hua, me puta i ēnei whakamātautau wā, ā, hei whakamutunga, me whakarite i tana maimoatanga.