Mahimman binciken coagulation na jini guda biyu, lokacin thromboplastin da aka kunna (APTT) da lokacin prothrombin (PT), duka suna taimakawa wajen tantance dalilin rashin daidaituwar coagulation.
Don kiyaye jini a cikin yanayin ruwa, jiki dole ne ya yi aikin daidaitawa.Jinin da ke zagayawa ya ƙunshi sassan jini guda biyu, procoagulant, wanda ke haɓaka haɓakar jini, da kuma maganin hana zubar jini, don kiyaye kwararar jini.Duk da haka, lokacin da jigon jini ya lalace kuma ma'auni ya rikice, procoagulant yana tattarawa a cikin yankin da ya lalace kuma jini ya fara.Tsarin coagulation na jini shine hanyar haɗin gwiwa, kuma ana iya kunna shi ta kowane tsarin coagulation guda biyu a layi daya, na ciki ko na waje.Ana kunna tsarin endogenous lokacin da jini ya haɗu da collagen ko lalata endothelium.Ana kunna tsarin extrinsic lokacin da nama mai lalacewa ya saki wasu abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar thromboplastin.Hanya gama gari ta ƙarshe na tsarin guda biyu wanda ke kaiwa zuwa koli.Lokacin da wannan tsari na coagulation, ko da yake ya bayyana a nan take, za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu mahimmanci guda biyu, lokacin thromboplastin da aka kunna (APTT) da lokacin prothrombin (PT).Yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen yana taimakawa wajen yin cikakken ganewar asali na duk rashin daidaituwa na coagulation.

 

1. Menene APTT ke nunawa?

Gwajin APTT yana kimanta hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa da na gama gari.Musamman, yana auna tsawon lokacin da samfurin jini ya ɗauka don samar da ƙwayar fibrin tare da ƙari na wani abu mai aiki (calcium) da phospholipids.Mafi mahimmanci da sauri fiye da lokaci na thromboplastin.Ana amfani da APTT sau da yawa don saka idanu akan jiyya tare da hanta violet.

Kowane dakin gwaje-gwaje yana da nasa ƙimar APTT ta al'ada, amma gabaɗaya yana daga 16 zuwa 40 seconds.Tsawon lokaci na iya nuna gazawar yanki na huɗu na hanyar endogenous, Xia ko factor, ko ƙarancin factor I, V ko X na hanyar gama gari.Marasa lafiya tare da rashi bitamin K, cututtukan hanta, ko yada coagulopathy na intravascular zai tsawanta APTT.Wasu magunguna-maganin rigakafi, maganin jijiyoyi, narcotics, narcotics, ko aspirin kuma na iya tsawaita APTT.

Ragewar APTT na iya haifar da zub da jini mai tsanani, manyan raunuka (ban da ciwon hanta) da wasu magungunan ƙwayoyi da suka haɗa da antihistamines, antacids, shirye-shiryen dijital, da sauransu.

2. Menene PT ke nunawa?

Ƙididdigar PT tana ƙididdige hanyoyin da ke waje da na kowa.Don lura da jiyya tare da anticoagulants.Wannan gwajin yana auna lokacin da jini zai ɗauka bayan an ƙara sinadarin nama da calcium zuwa samfurin jini.Matsayi na al'ada na PT shine 11 zuwa 16 seconds.Tsawaita PT na iya nuna ƙarancin thrombin profibrinogen ko factor V, W ko X.

Marasa lafiya tare da amai, gudawa, cin kayan lambu masu ganye, barasa ko maganin rigakafi na dogon lokaci, maganin hauhawar jini, magungunan maganin jini, narcotics, da manyan allurai na aspirin kuma na iya tsawaita PT.Hakanan ana iya haifar da ƙananan PT ta hanyar antihistamine barbiturates, antacids, ko bitamin K.

Idan PT ɗin majiyyaci ya wuce daƙiƙa 40, za a buƙaci bitamin K na cikin muscular ko busasshen busasshen plasma daskararre.Lokaci-lokaci tantance jinin majiyyaci, a duba yanayin jijiyoyinsa, sannan a yi gwajin jini na sihiri a cikin fitsari da najasa.

 

3. Bayyana sakamakon

Majinyacin da ke fama da rashin lafiyar jini yakan buƙaci gwaje-gwaje guda biyu, APTT da PT, kuma zai buƙaci ku fassara waɗannan sakamakon, ku wuce waɗannan gwaje-gwajen lokaci, a ƙarshe kuma ku tsara maganinsa.