I-Thrombosis yinkqubo apho igazi elihambayo lijiya lize lijiye libe yi-blood clot, efana ne-cerebral artery thrombosis (ebangela i-cerebral infarction), i-deep vein thrombosis yamalungu asezantsi, njl. I-blood clot eyenziweyo yi-thrombus; i-blood clot eyenziwe kwinxalenye ethile yomthambo wegazi ihambela egazini ize ivalelwe komnye umthambo wegazi. Inkqubo ye-embolization ibizwa ngokuba yi-embolism. I-deep vein thrombosis yamalungu asezantsi iyawa, ifuduke, ize ivalelwe kumthambo we-pulmonary kwaye ibangele i-pulmonary embolism. ; I-blood clot ebangela i-embolism ibizwa ngokuba yi-embolus ngeli xesha.
Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, ihlwili legazi liyaphuma emva kokuba kumiswe ukopha empumlweni; apho konzakele khona inxeba, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuvakala iqhuma, elikwayi-thrombus; kwaye i-myocardial infarction ibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi xa umthambo wentliziyo ongaphakathi entliziyweni uvalwe yi-blood clot Ischemic necrosis ye-myocardium.
Phantsi kweemeko zomzimba, indima ye-thrombosis kukuyeka ukopha. Ukulungiswa kwazo naziphi na izicwili kunye namalungu omzimba kufuneka kuqala kumise ukopha. I-Hemophilia yi-coagulopathy ebangelwa kukungabikho kwezinto ezijiyayo. Kunzima ukwenza i-thrombus kwindawo eyonzakeleyo kwaye ayinakuyimisa ngokufanelekileyo ukopha kwaye ibangele ukopha. Uninzi lwe-thrombosis ye-hemostatic lwenzeka kwaye lukhona ngaphandle komthambo wegazi okanye apho umthambo wegazi uphukile khona.
Ukuba igazi liqhekeka emthanjeni wegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi emthanjeni wegazi kuyavalwa, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyancipha, okanye ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Ukuba i-thrombosis iyenzeka kwimithambo yegazi, iya kubangela i-organ/tissue ischemia kunye ne-necrosis, efana ne-myocardial infarction, i-cerebral infarction, kunye ne-necrosis/amputation esezantsi. I-thrombus eyenziwe kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze esezantsi ayichaphazeli kuphela ukuhamba kwegazi lemithambo yegazi entliziyweni kwaye ibangela ukudumba kwemilenze esezantsi, kodwa ikwawela kwi-inferior vena cava, i-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-ventricle yasekunene ukuze ingene ize ivalelwe kumthambo we-pulmonary, nto leyo ebangela i-pulmonary embolism. Izifo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokufa.
Ukuqaliswa kweThrombosis
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ikhonkco lokuqala le-thrombosis kukwenzakala, okunokuba kukwenzakala, utyando, ukuqhekeka kweplaque kwimithambo yegazi, okanye kwanomonakalo we-endothelial obangelwa lusulelo, ukhuselo lomzimba kunye nezinye izinto. Le nkqubo yokwakheka kwe-thrombus eqalwe kukwenzakala ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi engaphandle. Kwiimeko ezimbalwa, ukuqina kwegazi okanye ukucotha kokuhamba kwegazi kunokuqalisa inkqubo ye-thrombosis, eyindlela yokusebenza koqhagamshelwano, ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi engapheliyo.
I-hemostasis ephambili
Xa ukwenzakala kuchaphazele imithambo yegazi, iiplatelets ziqala zinamathele ukuze zenze umaleko omnye wokugquma inxeba, zize emva koko zisebenze ukuze zihlangane zenze amaqoqo, ayi-platelet thrombi. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-primary hemostasis.
I-hemostasis yesibini
Ukulimala kukhupha into ebangela ukujiya kwegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-tissue factor, eqala inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi e-endogen ukuba ivelise i-thrombin emva kokungena egazini. I-Thrombin ngokwenene yi-catalyst eguqula iproteni yokujiya kwegazi, oko kukuthi, i-fibrinogen ibe yi-fibrin. , Yonke le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-secondary hemostasis.
"Unxibelelwano olugqibeleleyo"I-Thrombosis
Kwinkqubo ye-thrombosis, inqanaba lokuqala le-hemostasis (ukunamathela kweplatelet, ukusebenza kunye nokuhlangana) kunye nenqanaba lesibini le-hemostasis (ukuveliswa kwe-thrombin kunye nokwakheka kwe-fibrin) ziyasebenzisana. I-hemostasis yenqanaba lesibini inokwenziwa kuphela ngokuqhelekileyo xa kukho iiplatelet, kwaye i-thrombin eyenziweyo ivuselela ngakumbi iiplatelet. Ezi zimbini zisebenza kunye kwaye zisebenza kunye ukugqiba inkqubo ye-thrombosis..
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