Menene D-dimer?

D-dimer shine samfurin lalacewa mafi sauƙi na fibrin, kuma matakinsa mai girma zai iya nuna yanayin da za a iya haɗakar da jini da kuma hyperfibrinolysis na biyu a cikin jiki. Ana iya amfani da D-dimer a matsayin alamar hypercoagulability da hyperfibrinolysis a cikin jiki, kuma ƙaruwarsa yana nuna cewa yana da alaƙa da cututtukan thrombosis da ke haifar da dalilai daban-daban a cikin jiki, kuma yana nuna haɓaka aikin fibrinolytic.

A waɗanne yanayi ne matakan D-dimer ke ƙaruwa?

Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini (VTE) da na jijiyoyin jini (non-venous thromboembolic thrombosis) na iya haifar da ƙaruwar matakan D-dimer.

VTE ya haɗa da cutar embolism mai tsanani ta huhu, thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini masu zurfi (DVT) da kuma thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini (CVST).

Cututtukan da ba sa haifar da jijiyoyin jini sun haɗa da acute aortic dissection (AAD), fashewar aneurysm, bugun jini (CVA), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), sepsis, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), da chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, matakan D-dimer suma suna ƙaruwa a cikin yanayi kamar tsufa, tiyata/rashin lafiya na baya-bayan nan, da thrombolysis.

Ana iya amfani da D-dimer don tantance hasashen embolism na huhu

D-dimer yana annabta mace-mace ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da embolism na huhu. A cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da embolism na huhu mai tsanani, an danganta ƙimar D-dimer mafi girma da ƙimar PESI mafi girma (Matsayin Ma'aunin Tsoro na Embolism na huhu) da ƙaruwar mace-mace. Bincike ya nuna cewa D-dimer ƙasa da 1500 μg/L yana da ƙimar hasashen mara kyau ga mace-macen embolism na huhu na watanni 3: mace-macen watanni 3 shine 0% idan D-dimer ƙasa da 1500 μg/L. Idan D-dimer ya fi 1500 μg/L, ya kamata a yi amfani da kulawa sosai.

Bugu da ƙari, wasu bincike sun nuna cewa ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon huhu, D-dimer ƙasa da 1500 μg/L sau da yawa yana ƙaruwa da aikin fibrinolytic wanda ciwace-ciwacen ke haifarwa; D-dimer sama da 1500 μg/L sau da yawa yana nuna cewa marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon huhu suna da thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini (DVT) da embolism na huhu.

D-dimer ya annabta sake dawowar VTE

D-dimer yana hasashen sake dawowar VTE. Marasa lafiya masu D-dimer-negative sun sami karuwar dawowar VTE na tsawon watanni 3 na 0. Idan D-dimer ya sake tashi yayin bin diddigin cutar, haɗarin sake dawowar VTE na iya ƙaruwa sosai.

D-dimer yana taimakawa wajen gano cutar da ke haifar da raguwar aorta

D-dimer yana da kyakkyawan ƙimar hasashen mummunan sakamako ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar aorta mai tsanani, kuma rashin lafiyar D-dimer na iya kawar da cutar aorta mai tsanani. D-dimer yana ƙaruwa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar aorta mai tsanani kuma ba ya ƙaruwa sosai a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar aorta mai tsanani.

D-dimer yana canzawa akai-akai ko kuma ya tashi ba zato ba tsammani, wanda ke nuna haɗarin fashewar sassan jiki. Idan matakin D-dimer na majiyyaci yana da kwanciyar hankali kuma ƙasa da haka (<1000 μg/L), haɗarin fashewar sassan jiki ba shi da yawa. Saboda haka, matakin D-dimer zai iya jagorantar maganin da ya fi dacewa ga waɗannan marasa lafiya.

D-dimer da kamuwa da cuta

Kamuwa da cuta na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da VTE. A lokacin cire haƙori, ƙwayoyin cuta na iya faruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da thrombosis. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a sa ido sosai kan matakan D-dimer, kuma ya kamata a ƙarfafa maganin hana zubar jini idan matakan D-dimer suka ƙaru.

Bugu da ƙari, cututtukan numfashi da lalacewar fata sune abubuwan da ke haifar da thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini masu zurfi.

D-dimer yana taimakawa wajen daidaita tsarin jini

Sakamakon binciken da aka gudanar a cibiyar PROLONG mai yawan masu amfani da na'urori masu yawa a farkon watanni 18 da kuma lokacin da aka tsawaita (na watanni 30) ya nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da marasa lafiya marasa maganin hana zubar jini, marasa lafiya masu D-dimer sun ci gaba bayan wata 1 na dakatarwar magani. Maganin hana zubar jini ya rage haɗarin sake dawowar VTE sosai, amma babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin marasa lafiya masu D-dimer-negative.

A cikin wani sharhi da Blood ya wallafa, Farfesa Kearon ya kuma nuna cewa ana iya shirya maganin hana zubar jini bisa ga matakin D-dimer na majiyyaci. A cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da DVT mai kusa ko embolism na huhu, ana iya shirya maganin hana zubar jini ta hanyar gano D-dimer; idan ba a yi amfani da D-dimer ba, za a iya tantance matakin hana zubar jini bisa ga haɗarin zubar jini da kuma burin majiyyaci.

Bugu da ƙari, D-dimer na iya jagorantar maganin thrombolytic.