Kev txhaws thiab hemostasis yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tib neeg, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov hlab ntsha, platelets, cov tshuaj coagulation, cov protein anticoagulant, thiab cov kab ke fibrinolytic. Lawv yog cov txheej txheem sib npaug zoo uas ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo li qub hauv tib neeg lub cev. Kev ncig ntshav tas mus li, tsis ntws tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha (hemorrhage) lossis coagulation hauv cov hlab ntsha (thrombosis).

Lub tshuab ua rau thrombosis thiab hemostasis feem ntau muab faib ua peb kauj ruam:

Thaum xub thawj hemostasis feem ntau yog cuam tshuam rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov hlwb endothelial, thiab cov platelets. Tom qab raug mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov platelets sai sai sib sau ua ke kom tsis txhob los ntshav.

Kev tiv thaiv kab mob theem ob, tseem hu ua plasma hemostasis, ua rau lub cev coagulation ua haujlwm kom hloov cov fibrinogen mus ua cov fibrin uas tsis yaj tau, uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws loj.

Fibrinolysis, uas rhuav tshem cov fibrin clot thiab rov qab kho cov ntshav ntws li qub.

Txhua kauj ruam raug tswj hwm kom meej kom tswj tau qhov sib npaug. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua qhov txuas yuav ua rau muaj cov kab mob cuam tshuam.

Kev mob ntshav yog ib lo lus dav dav rau cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem hemostasis tsis zoo. Kev mob ntshav muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ob pawg: los ntawm noob caj ces thiab tau txais, thiab cov tsos mob feem ntau yog los ntshav hauv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv. Kev mob ntshav txij thaum yug los, feem ntau hemophilia A (tsis muaj coagulation factor VIII), hemophilia B (tsis muaj coagulation factor IX) thiab coagulation tsis zoo los ntawm fibrinogen tsis txaus; kev mob ntshav tau txais, feem ntau Muaj vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor tsis txaus, cov yam ntxwv coagulation tsis zoo los ntawm kab mob siab, thiab lwm yam.

Cov kab mob thromboembolic feem ntau muab faib ua arterial thrombosis thiab venous thromboembolism (venousthromboembolism, VTE). Arterial thrombosis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha coronary, cov hlab ntsha cerebral, cov hlab ntsha mesenteric, thiab cov hlab ntsha ceg, thiab lwm yam. Qhov pib feem ntau yog tam sim ntawd, thiab qhov mob hnyav hauv zos yuav tshwm sim, xws li angina pectoris, mob plab, mob hnyav rau ceg, thiab lwm yam; nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov nqaij ischemia thiab hypoxia hauv cov ntshav ntws. Cov qauv tsis zoo ntawm lub cev, cov nqaij thiab kev ua haujlwm, xws li myocardial infarction, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, kev tsis nco qab thiab hemiplegia, thiab lwm yam; thrombus shedding ua rau cerebral embolism, renal embolism, splenic embolism thiab lwm yam tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia. Venous thrombosis yog hom thrombosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha tob hauv cov ceg qis. Nws yog tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha tob xws li cov hlab ntsha popliteal, cov hlab ntsha femoral, cov hlab ntsha mesenteric, thiab cov hlab ntsha portal. Cov tsos mob intuitive yog o thiab tuab tsis sib xws ntawm cov ceg qis. Thromboembolism txhais tau hais tias cov thrombus tawm ntawm qhov chaw tsim, ib feem lossis tag nrho thaiv qee cov hlab ntsha thaum lub sijhawm txav mus los nrog cov ntshav ntws, ua rau ischemia, hypoxia, necrosis (arterial thrombosis) thiab congestion, edema (pathological txheej txheem ntawm venous thrombosis). Tom qab cov hlab ntsha tob tob ntawm qhov qis qis poob, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws nrog cov ntshav ncig, thiab cov tsos mob thiab cov cim ntawm pulmonary embolism tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv ntawm venous thromboembolism yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.