Empilweni, abantu bazoqhuma futhi bophe igazi ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, uma amanye amanxeba engelashwa, igazi lizojiya kancane kancane, liyeke ukopha ngokwalo, futhi ekugcineni lishiye uqweqwe lwegazi. Kungani kunjalo? Yiziphi izinto ezidlale indima ebalulekile kule nqubo? Okulandelayo, ake sihlole ulwazi lokujiya kwegazi ndawonye!

Njengoba sonke sazi, igazi lijikeleza njalo emzimbeni womuntu ngaphansi kokucindezelwa yinhliziyo ukuthutha umoya-mpilo, amaprotheni, amanzi, ama-electrolyte kanye nama-carbohydrate adingwa umzimba. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, igazi ligeleza emithanjeni yegazi. Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, umzimba uzoyeka ukopha nokujiya ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezimpendulo. Ukujiya okuvamile kanye nokwehla kwegazi emzimbeni womuntu kuncike kakhulu esakhiweni kanye nomsebenzi wodonga lwemithambo yegazi olungaguquki, umsebenzi ojwayelekile wezinto ezijiyayo, kanye nekhwalithi kanye nenani lama-platelet asebenzayo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ama-platelet ahlelwe eceleni kwezindonga zangaphakathi zama-capillary ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, kuqala ukufinyela, okwenza izindonga zemithambo yegazi engxenyeni eyonakele zisondelane, kuncishiswe inxeba futhi kwehliswe ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-platelet ayanamathela, ahlanganise futhi akhulule okuqukethwe engxenyeni eyonakele, kwakha i-platelet thrombus yendawo, ivimbe inxeba. I-hemostasis yemithambo yegazi nama-platelet ibizwa ngokuthi i-initial hemostasis, kanti inqubo yokwakha i-fibrin clot endaweni elimele ngemva kokusebenza kohlelo lokujiya ukuze kuvinjwe inxeba ibizwa ngokuthi indlela yesibili ye-hemostatic.

Ngokuqondile, ukujiya kwegazi kubhekisela enkambisweni lapho igazi lishintsha khona lisuka esimweni sokugeleza liye esimweni sejeli esingagelezi. Ukujiya kusho ukuthi uchungechunge lwezinto ezijiya luvuselelwa ngokulandelana yi-enzymemolysis, futhi ekugcineni kwakheka i-thrombin ukuze kwakheke i-fibrin clot.Inqubo yokujiya ivame ukuhlanganisa izindlela ezintathu, indlela yokujiya kwe-endogenous, indlela yokujiya kwe-exogenous kanye nendlela evamile yokujiya kwe-common.

1) Indlela yokujiya kwegazi engokwemvelo iqalwa yi-coagulation factor XII ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kokuxhumana. Ngokusebenzisa kanye nokusabela kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zokujiya kwegazi, i-prothrombin ekugcineni iguqulwa ibe yi-thrombin. I-Thrombin iguqula i-fibrinogen ibe yi-fibrin ukuze kufezwe injongo yokujiya kwegazi.

2) Indlela yokujiya kwangaphandle ibhekisela ekukhishweni kwesici sayo sezicubu, esidinga isikhathi esifushane sokujiya kanye nokusabela okusheshayo.

Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi indlela yokujiya kwe-endogenous kanye nendlela yokujiya kwe-exogenous ingasetshenziswa futhi isebenze nhlangothi zombili.

3) Indlela evamile yokujiya ibhekisela esigabeni esivamile sokujiya kwesistimu yokujiya kwe-endogenous kanye nesistimu yokujiya kwe-exogenous, ehlanganisa kakhulu izigaba ezimbili zokukhiqizwa kwe-thrombin kanye nokwakheka kwe-fibrin.

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-hemostasis kanye nomonakalo wemithambo yegazi, okuvuselela indlela yokujiya kwangaphandle. Umsebenzi womzimba wendlela yokujiya kwangaphandle okwamanje awucaci kahle. Kodwa-ke, kuqinisekile ukuthi indlela yokujiya kwegazi yangaphakathi ingasetshenziswa lapho umzimba womuntu uthintana nezinto zokwenziwa, okusho ukuthi izinto eziphilayo zingabangela ukujiya kwegazi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi lesi simo sesibe yisithiyo esikhulu ekufakweni kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha emzimbeni womuntu.

Ukungajwayelekile noma izithiyo kunoma yisiphi isici sokujiya noma isixhumanisi enkambisweni yokujiya kuzobangela ukungalingani noma ukungasebenzi kahle kuyo yonke inqubo yokujiya. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukujiya kwegazi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi emzimbeni womuntu, edlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni izimpilo zethu.