Muhupenyu, vanhu vachabhomba uye vachibuda ropa nguva nenguva.Mumamiriro ezvinhu enguva dzose, kana mamwe maronda akasarapwa, ropa richagwamba zvishoma nezvishoma, rorega kubuda ropa riri roga, uye pakupedzisira robuda muropa.Sei izvi?Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakaita basa rinokosha mukuita uku?Zvadaro, ngationgororei ruzivo rwekubatana kweropa pamwe chete!

Sezvatinoziva tese, ropa rinogara richitenderera mumuviri wemunhu pasi pekusundidzira kwemoyo kutakura okisijeni, mapuroteni, mvura, electrolytes uye makabhohaidhiretsi anodiwa nemuviri.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, ropa rinoyerera mumidziyo yeropa.Kana tsinga dzeropa dzakuvadzwa, muviri unomira kubuda ropa uye kugwamba kuburikidza nemaitiro akatevedzana.Iyo yakajairwa coagulation uye hemostasis yemuviri wemunhu inonyanya kuenderana nechimiro uye kushanda kwemadziro etsinga yeropa, yakajairika chiitiko che coagulation zvinhu, uye kunaka uye huwandu hwemaplatelet anoshanda.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, maplatelet anorongwa pamwe chete nemadziro emukati e capillaries kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwemadziro emidziyo yeropa.Kana tsinga dzeropa dzichikuvadzwa, kuputika kunoitika kutanga, zvichiita kuti madziro emidziyo yeropa muchikamu chakakanganisika ave pedyo nemumwe, achideredza vanga uye kuderedza kuyerera kweropa.Panguva imwecheteyo, maplatelet anonamatira, akaunganidza uye anosunungura zviri mukati pane yakakanganisika, achigadzira yemunharaunda platelet thrombus, ichivharira vanga.Hemostasis yetsinga dzeropa uye maplatelet inonzi first hemostasis, uye nzira yekugadzira fibrin clot panzvimbo yakakuvara mushure mekuita kwekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekuvhara ronda hunonzi secondary hemostatic mechanism.

Zvikurukuru, kugwamba kweropa (blood coagulation) zvinoreva nzira iyo ropa rinoshanduka kubva pakuyerera richienda kune risiri kuyerera gel.Coagulation zvinoreva kuti zvakatevedzana coagulation zvinhu zvinotevedzana activated ne enzymolysis, uye pakupedzisira thrombin inoumbwa kuumba fibrin clot.Iyo coagulation process inowanzo sanganisira nzira nhatu, endogenous coagulation nzira, exogenous coagulation nzira uye yakajairika coagulation nzira.

1) Iyo endogenous coagulation nzira inotangwa necoagulation factor XII kuburikidza nekubata maitiro.Kuburikidza nekuita uye kuita kweakasiyana coagulation zvinhu, prothrombin inopedzisira yashandurwa kuita thrombin.Thrombin inoshandura fibrinogen kuita fibrin kuzadzisa chinangwa cheropa coagulation.

2) Iyo exogenous coagulation nzira inoreva kuburitswa kwayo yega tissue factor, inoda nguva pfupi yekubatana uye nekukurumidza kupindura.

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti endogenous coagulation nzira uye exogenous coagulation nzira inogona kubatanidzwa uye kubatanidzwa.

3) Iyo yakajairika coagulation nzira inoreva iyo yakajairwa coagulation nhanho ye endogenous coagulation system uye exogenous coagulation system, iyo inonyanya kusanganisira nhanho mbiri dzechizvarwa chethrombin uye fibrin kugadzirwa.

Iyo inonzi hemostasis uye kukuvara kwemidziyo yeropa, iyo inomutsa iyo exogenous coagulation nzira.The physiological basa re endogenous coagulation nzira parizvino haina kunyatsojeka.Nekudaro, ichokwadi kuti iyo endogenous yeropa coagulation nzira inogona kumisikidzwa kana muviri wemunhu wasangana nezvinhu zvekugadzira, izvo zvinoreva kuti biological zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kugadzika kweropa mumuviri wemunhu, uye chiitiko ichi chavewo chipingamupinyi chikuru kune kuiswa kwemidziyo yekurapa mumuviri wemunhu.

Abnormalities kana zvipingamupinyi mune chero coagulation factor kana chinongedzo mune coagulation process zvinokonzeresa kusagadzikana kana kusagadzikana mune yese coagulation process.Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti ropa coagulation inzira yakaoma uye yakaoma mumuviri wemunhu, iyo inoita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedza hupenyu hwedu.