M'moyo, anthu nthawi zina amatuluka magazi nthawi ndi nthawi. Muzochitika zachibadwa, ngati mabala ena sanachiritsidwe, magazi amaundana pang'onopang'ono, kusiya kutuluka magazi okha, ndipo pamapeto pake amasiya zilonda zamagazi. Chifukwa chiyani izi zili choncho? Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zathandiza kwambiri pankhaniyi? Kenako, tiyeni tifufuze pamodzi chidziwitso cha kuuma kwa magazi!

Monga tonse tikudziwa, magazi amayendayenda nthawi zonse m'thupi la munthu motsogozedwa ndi mtima kuti anyamule mpweya, mapuloteni, madzi, ma electrolyte ndi chakudya chofunikira m'thupi. Muzochitika zachibadwa, magazi amayenda m'mitsempha yamagazi. Mitsempha yamagazi ikawonongeka, thupi limasiya kutuluka magazi ndi kutseka magazi kudzera mu zochitika zingapo. Kutseka kwabwinobwino kwa magazi ndi kutseka magazi m'thupi la munthu makamaka zimadalira kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khoma la mitsempha yamagazi lomwe silinawonongeke, ntchito yachibadwa ya zinthu zotseka magazi, komanso mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ogwira ntchito.

Muzochitika zachibadwa, ma platelet amaikidwa m'mbali mwa makoma amkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi kuti makoma a mitsempha yamagazi asunge umphumphu. Mitsempha yamagazi ikawonongeka, kupsinjika kumachitika kaye, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma a mitsempha yamagazi m'dera lomwe lawonongeka azikhala pafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bala lichepe ndikuchepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, ma platelet amamatira, amasonkhanitsa ndikutulutsa zomwe zili m'dera lomwe lawonongeka, ndikupanga thrombosis ya m'deralo, ndikutseka bala. Kutha kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma platelet kumatchedwa hemostasis yoyamba, ndipo njira yopanga fibrin clot pamalo ovulala pambuyo poyambitsa njira yolumikizira magazi kuti itseke bala imatchedwa njira yachiwiri yotha magazi.

Makamaka, kugawanika kwa magazi kumatanthauza njira yomwe magazi amasintha kuchoka pa mkhalidwe woyenda kupita ku mkhalidwe wosayenda wa gel. Kugawanika kumatanthauza kuti zinthu zingapo zogawanika zimayambitsidwa motsatizana ndi enzymolysis, ndipo pamapeto pake thrombin imapangidwa kuti ipange fibrin clot.Njira yolumikizirana nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo njira zitatu, njira yolumikizirana ya endogenous, njira yolumikizirana yakunja ndi njira yolumikizirana ya common.

1) Njira yolumikizirana ya endogenous imayambitsidwa ndi coagulation factor XII kudzera mu contact reaction. Kudzera mu activation ndi reaction ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya coagulation factors, prothrombin pamapeto pake imasinthidwa kukhala thrombin. Thrombin imasandutsa fibrinogen kukhala fibrin kuti ikwaniritse cholinga cha magazi coagulation.

2) Njira yolumikizirana yakunja imatanthauza kutulutsidwa kwa chinthu chake cha minofu, chomwe chimafuna nthawi yochepa kuti ijambule ndi kuyankhidwa mwachangu.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti njira yolumikizirana ya endogenous ndi njira yolumikizirana ya exogenous ikhoza kuyatsidwa ndi kuyatsidwa ndi onse awiri.

3) Njira yodziwika bwino yolumikizirana imatanthauza gawo lodziwika bwino la dongosolo lolumikizirana la endogenous ndi dongosolo lolumikizirana lakunja, lomwe limaphatikizapo magawo awiri opanga thrombin ndi kupanga fibrin.

Kuwonongeka kwa magazi m'thupi ndi mitsempha yamagazi, komwe kumayambitsa njira yolumikizirana yakunja. Ntchito ya thupi ya njira yolumikizirana yamkati pakadali pano siikudziwika bwino. Komabe, ndikotsimikizika kuti njira yolumikizirana yamkati yamagazi imatha kuyatsidwa pamene thupi la munthu lakumana ndi zinthu zopangidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zamoyo zimatha kuyambitsa kulumikizana kwa magazi m'thupi la munthu, ndipo izi zakhalanso chopinga chachikulu pakuyika zida zamankhwala m'thupi la munthu.

Zovuta kapena zopinga zilizonse zokhudzana ndi magazi oundana kapena kulumikizana kwa magazi mu njira youndana zimayambitsa zolakwika kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa njira yonse youndana. Zitha kuwoneka kuti magazi oundana ndi njira yovuta komanso yovuta m'thupi la munthu, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga miyoyo yathu.