A rayuwa, mutane za su yi ta kumbura da zubar jini lokaci zuwa lokaci. A cikin yanayi na yau da kullun, idan ba a yi wa wasu raunuka magani ba, jinin zai taru a hankali, ya daina zubar jini da kansa, sannan daga ƙarshe ya bar ɓawon jini. Me yasa haka? Waɗanne sinadarai ne suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan tsari? Na gaba, bari mu binciki ilimin hada jini tare!

Kamar yadda muka sani, jini yana zagayawa a cikin jikin ɗan adam a koyaushe a ƙarƙashin tura zuciya don jigilar iskar oxygen, furotin, ruwa, electrolytes da carbohydrates da jiki ke buƙata. A cikin yanayi na yau da kullun, jini yana gudana a cikin tasoshin jini. Lokacin da tasoshin jini suka lalace, jiki zai dakatar da zubar jini da zubar jini ta hanyar jerin martani. Daidaiton coagulation da hemostasis na jikin ɗan adam ya dogara ne akan tsari da aikin bangon jijiyoyin jini da ke ciki, aikin da abubuwan coagulation na yau da kullun, da inganci da adadin platelets masu tasiri.

A yanayi na yau da kullun, ana shirya platelets tare da bangon ciki na capillaries don kiyaye amincin bangon jijiyoyin jini. Idan tasoshin jini suka lalace, matsewa yana faruwa da farko, yana sanya bangon jijiyoyin jini a cikin yankin da ya lalace kusa da juna, yana rage raunin da kuma rage kwararar jini. A lokaci guda, platelets suna manne, suna tattarawa da sakin abubuwan da ke cikin wurin da ya lalace, suna samar da platelets na gida, suna toshe raunin. Ana kiran hemostasis na jijiyoyin jini da platelets na farko, kuma tsarin samar da gudan jini na fibrin a wurin da ya ji rauni bayan kunna tsarin coagulation don toshe raunin ana kiransa da hanyar hemostatic ta biyu.

Musamman ma, hada jini yana nufin tsarin da jini ke canzawa daga yanayin gudana zuwa yanayin gel mara gudana. Hadin jini yana nufin cewa jerin abubuwan hada jini suna aiki a jere ta hanyar enzymolysis, kuma a ƙarshe ana samar da thrombin don samar da gudan jini na fibrin.Tsarin coagulation sau da yawa ya haɗa da hanyoyi uku, hanyar coagulation ta ciki, hanyar coagulation ta waje da kuma hanyar coagulation ta gama gari.

1) Hanyar coagulation ta ciki tana farawa ne ta hanyar coagulation factor XII ta hanyar contact reaction. Ta hanyar kunnawa da amsawar nau'ikan coagulation, a ƙarshe prothrombin ya zama thrombin. Thrombin yana canza fibrinogen zuwa fibrin don cimma manufar coagulation na jini.

2) Hanyar fitar da coagulation daga waje tana nufin sakin sinadarin nama, wanda ke buƙatar ɗan gajeren lokaci don coagulation da kuma amsawa cikin sauri.

Bincike ya nuna cewa hanyar coagulation ta ciki da hanyar coagulation ta waje za a iya kunna su tare kuma a kunna su tare.

3) Hanyar coagulation ta gama gari tana nufin matakin coagulation na gama gari na tsarin coagulation na ciki da tsarin coagulation na waje, wanda galibi ya ƙunshi matakai biyu na samar da thrombin da samuwar fibrin.

Lalacewar da ake kira hemostasis da kuma lalacewar tasoshin jini, wanda ke kunna hanyar coagulation ta waje. Aikin ilimin halittar hanyar coagulation ta ciki a halin yanzu bai bayyana sosai ba. Duk da haka, tabbas ne cewa hanyar coagulation ta jini ta ciki za a iya kunna ta lokacin da jikin ɗan adam ya haɗu da kayan wucin gadi, wanda ke nufin cewa kayan halitta na iya haifar da coagulation na jini a jikin ɗan adam, kuma wannan lamari ya zama babban cikas ga dasa na'urorin likitanci a jikin ɗan adam.

Matsaloli ko cikas a cikin kowace hanyar hada jini ko haɗin jini a cikin tsarin hada jini zai haifar da rashin daidaituwa ko rashin aiki a cikin dukkan tsarin hada jini. Za a iya ganin cewa hada jini wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa kuma mai rikitarwa a cikin jikin ɗan adam, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye rayuwarmu.