Izifo zokopha zibhekisela ezifweni ezibonakala ngokuphuma kwegazi okungazelelwe noma okuncane ngemva kokulimala ngenxa yezinto zofuzo, zokuzalwa, kanye nezinto ezitholakale ezibangela ukukhubazeka noma ukungajwayelekile ezindleleni zokuphuma kwegazi ezifana nemithambo yegazi, ama-platelet, ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi, kanye ne-fibrinolysis. Kunezifo eziningi zokopha kwegazi emtholampilo, futhi alikho igama elithi ezivame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezivame kakhulu zifaka phakathi i-allergy purpura, i-aplastic anemia, i-disseminated intravascular coagulation, i-leukemia, njll.

1. I-allergy purpura: Yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba, ngenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene ezishukumisayo, esikhuthaza ukwanda kwama-B cell clones, okubangela izilonda emithanjeni yegazi emincane kuwo wonke umzimba, okuholela ekuphumeni kwegazi, noma okungase kuhambisane nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuvuvukala nobuhlungu bamalunga;

2. I-Aplastic anemia: Ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kwezidakamizwa, imisebe yomzimba, nezinye izici, kuvela amaphutha kumaseli okuqala e-hematopoietic, okuthinta ukusebenza komzimba kanye nendawo encane ye-hematopoiesis, akuhambisani nokwanda nokwehlukaniswa kwamaseli e-hematopoietic, kungabangela ukopha, futhi kuhambisane nezimpawu ezifana nokutheleleka, umkhuhlane, kanye ne-anemia eqhubekayo;

3. Ukujiya kwemithambo yegazi okusabalele: kungabangelwa yizimbangela ezahlukahlukene, okuvuselela uhlelo lokujiya kwemithambo yegazi. Ezigabeni zokuqala, i-fibrin nama-platelet aqoqana ku-microvascular bese enza amahlule egazi. Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, izici zokujiya kwemithambo yegazi kanye nama-platelet adliwa ngokweqile, okwenza uhlelo lwe-fibrinolytic lusebenze, okuholela ekuphumeni kwegazi noma okuhambisana nezimpawu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zomzimba, kanye nokushaqeka;

4. I-Leukemia: Isibonelo, ku-leukemia ebukhali, isiguli sithola i-thrombocytopenia kanye nenani elikhulu lamaseli e-leukemia akha i-leukemia thrombi, okubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi iqhume ngenxa yokucindezelwa, okuholela ekuphumeni kwegazi, futhi kungase kuhambisane ne-anemia, umkhuhlane, ukwandiswa kwama-lymph node, nezinye izimo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-myeloma kanye ne-lymphoma kungaholela nasekungasebenzini kahle kokuqina kwegazi, okubangela ukopha. Iningi leziguli ezinezifo zokopha lizobhekana nokopha okungajwayelekile esikhumbeni kanye nase-submucosa, kanye nemivimbo emikhulu esikhumbeni. Amacala amakhulu okopha igazi angabonakala nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ubuso obuphaphathekile, izindebe, kanye nemibhede yezinzipho, kanye nezimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ukozela, kanye nokungaqondi kahle. Izimpawu ezincane kufanele zelashwe ngemithi yokwehlisa igazi. Kokopha igazi okukhulu, igazi elisha le-plasma noma ingxenye lingafakwa njengoba kudingeka ukuze kwenezelwe ama-platelet kanye nezinto zokuqinisa igazi emzimbeni.