Igazi lijikeleza emzimbeni wonke, linikeza izakhamzimba yonke indawo futhi lisusa imfucuza, ngakho-ke kumele ligcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, lapho umthambo wegazi ulimele futhi uqhekeka, umzimba uzokhiqiza uchungechunge lwezimpendulo, okuhlanganisa i-vasoconstriction ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwegazi, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-platelet ukuvimba inxeba ukuze kumiswe ukopha, kanye nokusebenza kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya ukuze kwakhiwe i-thrombus ezinzile ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nenhloso yokulungisa imithambo yegazi yindlela yomzimba yokwehlisa igazi.

Ngakho-ke, umphumela womzimba we-hemostatic ungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu. Ingxenye yokuqala ikhiqizwa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemithambo yegazi nama-platelet, okubizwa ngokuthi i-primary hemostasis; ingxenye yesibili ukusebenza kwezinto ezijiyile, kanye nokwakheka kwe-reticulated coagulation fibrin, egoqa ama-platelet futhi ibe yi-thrombus ezinzile, ebizwa ngokuthi i-secondary hemostasis, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-coagulation; noma kunjalo, lapho igazi lima futhi lingaphumi, kuvela enye inkinga emzimbeni, okungukuthi, imithambo yegazi iyavinjwa, okuzothinta ukunikezwa kwegazi, ngakho ingxenye yesithathu ye-hemostasis. Umphumela wokuncibilika kwe-thrombus ukuthi lapho umthambo wegazi ufinyelela umphumela we-hemostasis nokulungiswa, i-thrombus izoncibilika ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza okubushelelezi komthambo wegazi.

Kungabonakala ukuthi ukujiya kwegazi empeleni kuyingxenye ye-hemostasis. I-hemostasis yomzimba iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ingasebenza lapho umzimba uyidinga, futhi lapho ukujiya kwegazi sekufezile injongo yayo, ingancibilikisa i-thrombus ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ilulame. Imithambo yegazi iyavulwa ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukusebenza kahle, okuyinhloso ebalulekile ye-hemostasis.

Izifo zokopha ezivame kakhulu ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili ezilandelayo:

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1. Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nama-platelet

Isibonelo: i-vasculitis noma ama-platelet aphansi, iziguli zivame ukuba namabala amancane okopha emaphethelweni angezansi, okuyi-purpura.

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2. Isici sokujiya okungajwayelekile

Kubandakanya i-hemophilia yokuzalwa kanye nesifo sikaWein-Weber noma i-acquired liver cirrhosis, ubuthi bamagundane, njll., kuvame ukuba namabala amakhulu e-ecchymosis emzimbeni, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okujulile emisipheni.

Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo sokopha esingavamile esingenhla, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wegazi ngokushesha okukhulu.