Aia nā ʻano maʻi hemorrhagic like ʻole, i hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia ma ke ʻano lapaʻau ma muli o ko lākou kumu a me ka pathogenesis. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻano maʻi vascular, platelet, coagulation factor abnormalities, a pēlā aku.
1. ʻAla koko:
(1) Hoʻoilina: telangiectasia hoʻoilina, hemophilia vascular, a me nā ʻiʻo kākoʻo ʻē aʻe a puni nā kīʻaha koko;
(2) Loaʻa: ka hōʻino ʻia o ka paia vascular i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka purpura allergic, purpura maʻalahi, purpura i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau, purpura pili i ka makahiki, purpura autoimmune, maʻi, nā kumu metabolic, nā kumu kemika, nā kumu mechanical, a pēlā aku.

2. Nā waiwai o ka platelet:
(1) Thrombocytopenia: thrombocytopenia pale kino, thrombocytopenia i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau, anemia aplastic, infiltration tumor, leukemia, nā maʻi pale kino, DIC, splenic hyperfunction, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a pēlā aku;
(2) Thrombocytosis: ʻO ka thrombocytosis mua, ka polycythemia maoli, ka splenectomy, ka pehu ʻana, ka hana ʻino o ka platelet inflammatory, ka thrombocytopenia, ka maʻi platelet nui, ka maʻi ake, a me ka hana ʻino o ka platelet i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka uremia.

3. Nā kumu coagulation maʻamau ʻole:
(1) Nā ʻano ʻē o ke kumu coagulation hoʻoilina: hemophilia A, hemophilia B, FXI, FV, FXI, FVII, FVIII, hemahema, fibrinogen haʻahaʻa (ʻaʻohe) hānau, hemahema prothrombin, a me ka hemahema kumu coagulation paʻakikī;
(2) Nā ʻano ʻē o ke kumu coagulation i loaʻa: maʻi akepaʻa, nele i ka huaora K, leukemia koʻikoʻi, lymphoma, maʻi pili i nā ʻiʻo, a pēlā aku.

4.Hyperfibrinolysis:
(1) Kumu: ʻO ka hemahema hoʻoilina o nā mea hoʻopaʻa fibrinolytic a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana plasminogen hiki ke hoʻoulu maʻalahi i ka hyperfibrinolysis i nā maʻi ate koʻikoʻi, nā puʻupuʻu, nā ʻoki kino, a me nā trauma;
(2) Loaʻa: ʻike ʻia i ka thrombosis, DIC, a me ka maʻi akepaʻa koʻikoʻi (lua)

ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā mea e kaapuni ana, nā mea hoʻopale i loaʻa e like me F VIII, FX, F XI, a me F XII, nā maʻi autoimmune, nā maʻi ʻino, ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā pae o ka heparin e like me anticoagulants, a me nā lupus anticoagulants.

Kuhikuhi: [1] Xia Wei, Chen Tingmei. Nā ʻenehana hoʻāʻo hematology lapaʻau. Paʻi 6 [M]. Beijing. Hale Hoʻopuka Ola Kino o ka Poʻe. 2015