INCAZELO NESIMO
Emikhakheni yesayensi yokuphila kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukubilisa kanye nokuqina kwezicubu kuyizinqubo ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu. Nakuba zombili zihilela ukusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali, kunomehluko omkhulu ekwakhekeni kwazo, inqubo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo.
Ukubilisa kuyinqubo ye-biochemical.
Ngokuvamile, kubhekisela emsebenzini we-metabolic lapho ama-microorganism (njengemvubelo, ama-lactic acid bacteria, njll.) abola khona ama-organic compounds (njengoshukela) abe izinto ezilula futhi akhiqize amandla endaweni engena-aerobic noma engena-hypoxic. Empeleni, ukubilisa ukuguqulwa kwe-metabolic okuguqukayo kwezakhamzimba ngama-microorganism ukuze aphile futhi azale endaweni ethile. Isibonelo, imvubelo ibilisa i-glucose ukuze ikhiqize utshwala kanye ne-carbon dioxide, futhi le nqubo isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokwenza iwayini.
Ukujiya kwegazi inqubo lapho igazi lishintsha khona lisuka esimweni sokugeleza koketshezi liye esimweni sejeli esingagelezi. Empeleni kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba. Inhloso ukwakha ihlule legazi ngochungechunge lwezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusabela kwamakhemikhali lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, ukuvimba ukulahleka kwegazi nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba. Inqubo yokujiya kwegazi ihilela isenzo esihlanganisiwe sezinto ezahlukahlukene zokujiya kwegazi, ama-platelet, kanye nezindonga zemithambo yegazi.
I-BEIJING SUCCEEDER
I-Beijing Succeeder Technology Inc. (Ikhodi yesitoko: 688338), eyasungulwa ngo-2003 futhi yafakwa ohlwini kusukela ngo-2020, ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili ekuxilongweni kwe-coagulation. Singochwepheshe ekuhlaziyeni kwe-coagulation okuzenzakalelayo kanye nama-reagent, abahlaziyi be-ESR/HCT, kanye nabahlaziyi be-hemorheology. Imikhiqizo yethu iqinisekiswe ngaphansi kwe-ISO 13485 kanye ne-CE, futhi siphakela abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwe-10,000 emhlabeni jikelele.
Isingeniso Sokuhlaziya
Isihlaziyi se-Coagulation Esizenzakalelayo Ngokugcwele i-SF-9200 (https://www.succeeder.com/fully-automated-coagulation-analyzer-sf-9200-product) singasetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Izibhedlela kanye nabacwaningi besayensi yezokwelapha nabo bangasebenzisa i-SF-9200. Esebenzisa i-coagulation kanye ne-immunoturbidimetry, indlela ye-chromogenic yokuhlola i-clotting ye-plasma. Ithuluzi libonisa ukuthi inani lokulinganisa i-clotting yisikhathi sokujiya (ngemizuzwana). Uma into yokuhlola ilinganiswa yi-plasma yokulinganisa, ingabonisa neminye imiphumela ehlobene.
Lo mkhiqizo wenziwe ngeyunithi enyakazayo ye-probe yokubonisa isampula, iyunithi yokuhlanza, iyunithi enyakazayo yama-cuvettes, iyunithi yokushisa nokupholisa, iyunithi yokuhlola, iyunithi eboniswa ukusebenza, isikhombimsebenzisi se-LIS (esetshenziselwa iphrinta nosuku lokudlulisela kwiKhompyutha).
Abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe nabanolwazi kanye nabahlaziyi bekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile bayisiqinisekiso sokukhiqizwa kwe-SF-9200 kanye nekhwalithi enhle. Siqinisekisa ukuthi ithuluzi ngalinye lihlolwe futhi lihlolwe ngokuqinile. I-SF-9200 ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke zaseShayina, amazinga emboni, amazinga ebhizinisi kanye nezindinganiso ze-IEC.
INGXENYE 1 INDLELA YOKUTHI KUBE NGENTO ENGATHILE
Indlela Yokuvubela
Indlela yokubilisa ama-microbial iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-microorganism kanye ne-substrate yokubilisa. Uma sithatha ukubilisa utshwala njengesibonelo, imvubelo iqala ngokuthatha i-glucose ingene esitokisini ngokusebenzisa amaprotheni okuthutha kulwelwesi lweseli. Ngaphakathi kweseli, i-glucose ihlukaniswa ibe yi-pyruvate ngendlela ye-glycolysis (indlela ye-Embden - Meyerhof - Parnas, indlela ye-EMP). Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-anaerobic, i-pyruvate iguqulwa ibe yi-acetaldehyde, bese i-acetaldehyde incishiswa ibe yi-ethanol, kuyilapho ikhiqiza i-carbon dioxide. Kule nqubo, ama-microorganisms aguqula amandla amakhemikhali ku-glucose abe uhlobo lwamandla olutholakala esitokisini (njenge-ATP) ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-redox.
Indlela Yokujiya
Inqubo yokujiya iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngendlela yokujiya kwangaphakathi kanye nendlela yokujiya kwangaphandle, ekugcineni ehlangana ibe yindlela evamile yokujiya. Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, imicu ye-collagen ngaphansi kwe-endothelium iyavezwa, isebenze i-coagulation factor XII futhi iqalise indlela yokujiya kwangaphakathi. Uchungechunge lwezinto zokujiya luvuselelwa ngokulandelana ukuze kwakheke i-prothrombin activator. Indlela yokujiya kwangaphandle iqalwa ngokubopha i-tissue factor (TF) ekhishwa ukulimala kwezicubu ku-coagulation factor VII, futhi yakha i-prothrombin activator. I-prothrombin activator iguqula i-prothrombin ibe yi-thrombin, futhi i-thrombin isebenza ku-fibrinogen ukuze iyiguqule ibe yi-fibrin monomers. Ama-fibrin monomers ahlangana ukuze akhe ama-fibrin polymers, bese kwakheka i-blood clot ezinzile.
INGXENYE 2 IZIMALI ZENQUBO
Inqubo Yokuvubela
Inqubo yokubilisa ivame ukuthatha isikhathi esithile, futhi ijubane layo lithintwa yizici eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwe-microorganism, ukuhlushwa kwe-substrate, izinga lokushisa, inani le-pH, njll. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokubilisa ihamba kancane, kusukela emahoreni amaningana kuya ezinsukwini eziningana noma ngisho nezinyanga. Isibonelo, ekwenzeni iwayini lendabuko, inqubo yokubilisa ingase ihlale amasonto amaningana. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa, ama-microorganism ayanda njalo, futhi ama-metabolites aqoqana kancane kancane, okuzobangela izinguquko ezithile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ohlelweni lokubilisa, njengokwehla kwenani le-pH, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi, kanye noshintsho ekuminyaneni kwesisombululo.
Inqubo Yokujiya
Ngokuphambene nalokho, inqubo yokujiya ishesha kakhulu. Kubantu abaphilile, ukusabela kokujiya kungaqalwa ngemizuzu embalwa lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, bese kwakheka ihlule legazi lokuqala. Yonke inqubo yokujiya iqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa kuya kweyishumi (ngaphandle kwezinqubo ezilandelayo njengokujiya kwegazi nokuqhekeka). Inqubo yokujiya iyindlela yokukhulisa i-cascade. Uma isiqalile, izici zokujiya ziyavuselelwa, zakha ngokushesha umphumela wokujiya kwegazi, futhi ekugcineni kwakheka ihlule legazi elizinzile.
INGXENYE 3 AMASIMI OKUFAKA ISICELO
Ukusetshenziswa Kokuvubela
Ukubilisa kunezindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa embonini yokudla, embonini yezemithi, kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo, nakweminye imikhakha. Embonini yokudla, ukubilisa kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukudla okuhlukahlukene njengesinkwa, i-yogurt, isosi yesoya, kanye noviniga. Isibonelo, ukubilisa i-yogurt kusebenzisa amabhaktheriya e-lactic acid ukuguqula i-lactose ebisini ibe yi-lactic acid, okwenza ubisi luqine futhi lukhiqize ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele. Embonini yezemithi, imithi eminingi efana nama-antibiotic (njenge-penicillin) namavithamini ikhiqizwa ngokubilisa kwamagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubilisa kusetshenziselwa futhi ukukhiqiza ama-biofuel (njenge-ethanol) kanye nama-bioplastics.
Izicelo Zokujiya
Ucwaningo nokusetshenziswa kokujiya kwegazi kugxile kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Ukuqonda indlela yokujiya kwegazi kubalulekile ekwelapheni izinkinga zokopha kwegazi (njenge-hemophilia) kanye nezifo ze-thrombotic (njenge-myocardial infarction kanye ne-cerebral infarction). Ngokwezokwelapha, uchungechunge lwemithi kanye nezindlela zokwelapha luye lwaklanywa ezigulini ezinezinkinga zojiya kwegazi. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ezilwa nojiya kwegazi (njenge-heparin ne-warfarin) zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokwelapha i-thrombosis; ezigulini ezinezinkinga zojiya kwegazi, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngokunezela izici zojiya kwegazi, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawula inqubo yokujiya kwegazi nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukopha kwegazi nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba emisebenzini yokuhlinzwa.
INGXENYE 4 IZICI EZINOKUTHONYA
Izici Ezithonya Ukuvutshelwa
Ngaphezu kwezici okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili njengohlobo lwe-microorganism, ukuhlushwa kwe-substrate, izinga lokushisa, kanye nenani le-pH, inqubo yokubilisa nayo ithintwa yizici ezifana nezinga le-oxygen elincibilikisiwe (lokubilisa nge-aerobic), ijubane lokushukuma kwethangi lokubilisa, kanye nengcindezi. Ama-microorganism ahlukene anezinga lokubekezelelana elihlukile kanye nezidingo zalezi zici. Isibonelo, ama-bacteria e-lactic acid angama-bacteria angena-aerobic, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen kudinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa; kuyilapho amanye ama-microorganism e-aerobic njenge-Corynebacterium glutamicum edinga ukuhlinzekwa kwe-oxygen eyanele ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa.
Izici Ezithonya Ukujiya Kwegazi
Inqubo yokujiya ithintwa yizici eziningi zomzimba kanye nezifo. I-Vitamin K ibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezici eziningi zokujiya, futhi ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin K kuzoholela ekungasebenzi kahle kokujiya. Ezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sesibindi zizothinta ukwakheka kwezici zokujiya, ngaleyo ndlela zithinte ukujiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa (ezifana nemithi yokuvimbela ukujiya) kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-calcium ion egazini nakho kunomthelela omkhulu enkambisweni yokujiya. Ama-calcium ion adlala indima ebalulekile enkambisweni yokujiya, futhi ukusebenza kwezici eziningi zokujiya kudinga ukuhlanganyela kwama-calcium ion.
Ukuvutshelwa kanye nokuhlangana kudlala indima ehlukene kodwa ebalulekile emisebenzini yokuphila kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Kunomehluko osobala ezincazelweni zazo, izindlela, izici zenqubo, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nezici ezithonyayo. Ukuqonda okujulile kwalezi zinqubo ezimbili akusisizi nje kuphela ukuqonda kangcono izimfihlakalo zokuphila kodwa futhi kunikeza isisekelo esiqinile semfundiso yokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlobene.
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