Ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba luphawu nje, kwaye izizathu zokopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba ziyinkimbinkimbi kwaye zahlukahlukene. Ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba okubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo kuyahluka ngobukhulu, ngoko ke ezinye iimeko zokopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba zinzima ngakumbi, ngelixa ezinye zingenjalo.

1. Ukopha kakhulu ngaphantsi kwesikhumba:
(1) Usulelo olunzima lubangela ukopha kwegazi ngaphantsi kwesikhumba: ngokuqhelekileyo kungenxa yokuba iimveliso zemetabolism zezifo ezisulelayo zikhokelela ekungeneni okukhulu kodonga lwe-capillary kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kokujiya kwegazi, okubangela ukopha okungaqhelekanga, okubonakala njengokuphuma kwegazi ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, kwaye kunokuhamba nomothuko we-septic kwiimeko ezinzima, ngoko ke kuba nzima kakhulu.
(2) Isifo sesibindi sibangela ukopha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba: Xa izifo ezahlukeneyo zesibindi ezifana ne-hepatitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane, i-cirrhosis, kunye nesifo sesibindi esibangelwa butywala zibangela ukopha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, oku kubangelwa sisifo sesibindi esikhokelela ekusileleni kwesibindi kunye nokungabikho kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwamalungu omzimba. Ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza kwesibindi konakele kakhulu, kuba nzima ngakumbi.
(3)Izifo zegazi zingabangela ukopha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba: izifo ezahlukeneyo zegazi ezifana ne-aplastic anemia, i-hemophilia, i-thrombocytopenic purpura, i-leukemia, njl. zonke zinokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-coagulation kwaye zibangele ukopha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba. Ngenxa yobunzima bezi zifo ziphambili ezingenakunyangeka, zinzima kakhulu.

2. Ukopha okuncinci ngaphantsi kwesikhumba:
(1) Ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba okubangelwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza: Ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba okubangelwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza ezifana neepilisi ze-aspirin enteric coated kunye neepilisi ze-clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate. Iimpawu ziyakhawuleza ziphucuka emva kokuyeka amayeza, ngoko ke azibi mandundu.
(2) Ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba okubangelwa kukugqobhoza kwemithambo yegazi: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwegazi emithanjeni okanye ukufakwa kwegazi ngemithambo yegazi, ukopha okungaphantsi kwesikhumba kunokubangelwa kukugqobhoza kwemithambo yegazi, kwaye inani lokopha lincinci kwaye lilinganiselwe. Linokufunxa kwaye liphele lodwa emva kweveki, kwaye ngokubanzi alibi likhulu.

Ukuze kufunyanwe ukopha okungaphantsi kolusu, kubalulekile ukuba uqale uphande unobangela wokopha ngaphambi kokuba uvavanye imeko. Lumka ukuze uphephe naluphi na uhlobo lokukhuthaza okungaphandle kwindawo yokopha, kuquka ukukrwela, ukucinezela, kunye nokukhuhla.