Waɗanne yanayi ne ake buƙatar bambanta zubar jini daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa?


Marubuci: Magaji   

Nau'o'in purpura daban-daban galibi suna bayyana a matsayin purpura na fata ko ecchymosis, waɗanda ake iya rikicewa cikin sauƙi kuma ana iya bambance su bisa ga waɗannan bayyanar.
1. Ciwon zuciya mai tsanani (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
Wannan cuta tana da halaye na shekaru da jinsi, kuma ta fi yawa a cikin mata masu shekaru 15-50.
Zubar jini a ƙarƙashin fata yana bayyana a matsayin purpura na fata da ecchymosis, tare da wani tsari na rarrabawa akai-akai, wanda aka fi samu a ƙananan gaɓoɓin sama da na nesa. Waɗannan halaye sun bambanta da sauran nau'ikan zubar jini a ƙarƙashin fata. Bugu da ƙari, wannan nau'in purpura na iya samun zubar jini a hanci, zubar jini a cikin gingival, zubar jini a retina, da sauransu, wanda galibi yana tare da ciwon kai, launin rawaya na fata da sclera, proteinuria, hematuria, zazzabi, da sauransu.
Gwaje-gwajen jini suna nuna matakai daban-daban na rashin jini, adadin platelets ƙasa da 20X10 μ/L, da kuma tsawon lokacin zubar jini yayin gwajin coagulation.

2. Rashin lafiyan purpura
Babban abin da ke nuna wannan cutar shi ne cewa akwai abubuwan da ke haifar da ita kafin ta fara, kamar zazzabi, ciwon makogwaro, gajiya ko kuma tarihin kamuwa da cutar numfashi ta sama. Zubar jini a ƙarƙashin fata shine fata ta ƙashin ƙugu, wanda galibi ake gani a cikin matasa. Yawan kamuwa da cutar maza ya fi na mata, kuma yana faruwa akai-akai a lokacin bazara da kaka.
Tabon launin shunayya ya bambanta a girma kuma ba ya ɓacewa. Suna iya haɗuwa zuwa faci kuma a hankali su ɓace cikin kwanaki 7-14. Yana iya kasancewa tare da ciwon ciki, kumburin gaɓoɓi da ciwo, da kuma hematuria, kamar sauran alamun rashin lafiyan kamar kumburin jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyi, urticaria, da sauransu. Yana da sauƙin bambancewa da sauran nau'ikan zubar jini na ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Yawan platelet, aiki, da gwaje-gwajen da suka shafi coagulation abu ne na yau da kullun.

3. Purpura simplex
Purpura, wanda aka fi sani da cutar ecchymosis ta mata, ana siffanta ta da cewa ta fi yawa a cikin mata matasa. Bayyanar purpura galibi tana da alaƙa da zagayowar al'ada, kuma idan aka haɗa ta da tarihin cutar, yana da sauƙi a bambanta ta da sauran zubar jini a ƙarƙashin fata.
Majinyacin ba shi da wasu alamun cutar, kuma fatar jiki tana bayyana da ƙananan ecchymosis da girman ecchymosis da purpura daban-daban, waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a ƙananan gaɓoɓi da hannaye kuma suna iya watsewa da kansu ba tare da magani ba. A cikin wasu marasa lafiya kaɗan, gwajin da aka yi wa hannu na iya zama tabbatacce.