A fannin likitanci, "coagulation" tsari ne mai rikitarwa na ilimin halittar jiki, wanda ke nufin jerin halayen da jini ke canzawa daga ruwa zuwa ɗigon jini mai kama da gel. Babban manufar shine dakatar da zubar jini da kuma hana zubar jini mai yawa. Ga cikakken bayani daga fannoni na abubuwan coagulation, tsarin coagulation da kuma tsarin coagulation mara kyau:

1- Abubuwan Hadin Jini: Akwai abubuwa da yawa da ke hana jini yin jini, kamar factor I (fibrinogen), factor II (prothrombin), factor V, factor VII, factor VIII, factor IX, factor X, factor XI, factor XII, da sauransu. Yawancinsu ana haɗa su a cikin hanta. Waɗannan abubuwan Hadin Jini suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin Hadin Jini, kuma ta hanyar jerin kunnawa da hulɗa, a ƙarshe jinin ya haɗu.

2- Tsarin Hadin Jini: Ana iya raba shi zuwa hanyar Hadin Jini ta ciki da kuma hanyar Hadin Jini ta waje. Duk hanyoyin biyu daga ƙarshe sun haɗu zuwa hanyar Hadin Jini ta gama gari don samar da thrombin, wanda hakan ke canza fibrinogen zuwa fibrin don samar da gudan jini.
(1) Hanyar Hadin Jiki a Cikin Jiki: Idan endothelium na jijiyoyin jini ya lalace kuma jinin ya hadu da zaruruwan collagen da aka fallasa, factor XII yana kunnawa, yana fara hanyar Hadin Jiki a cikin Jiki. Sannan ana kunna Factor XI, factor IX, factor X, da sauransu a jere, kuma a ƙarshe, a saman phospholipid da platelets ke bayarwa, factor X, factor V, calcium ions da phospholipids tare suna samar da mai kunna prothrombin.

(2) Hanyar Hadin Jini a waje: Ana fara ta ne ta hanyar sakin sinadarin nama (TF) ta hanyar lalacewar nama. TF yana haɗuwa da factor VII don samar da hadaddun TF-VII, wanda ke kunna factor X sannan ya samar da mai kunna prothrombin. Hanyar Hadin Jini a waje ta fi sauri fiye da hanyar Hadin Jini a ciki kuma tana iya sa jini ya taru cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

(3) Hanyar hada jini a jiki: Bayan an samar da mai kunna prothrombin, ana kunna prothrombin zuwa thrombin. Thrombin muhimmin abu ne na hada jini wanda ke kara canza fibrinogen zuwa fibrin monomers. A karkashin aikin factor XIII da calcium ions, fibrin monomers suna hadewa don samar da fibrin polymers masu karko. Waɗannan fibrin polymers suna hadewa cikin hanyar sadarwa, suna kama ƙwayoyin jini don samar da gudawa jini da kuma kammala aikin hada jini.

3- Tsarin zubar jini mara kyau: gami da yawan zubar jini da matsalolin zubar jini.
(1) Yawan zubar jini: Jiki yana cikin yanayin da jini ke iya tsayawa kuma yana iya kamuwa da thrombosis. Misali, a lokuta masu tsanani na rauni, babban tiyata, ciwon daji, da sauransu, ayyukan abubuwan da ke haifar da zubar jini da platelets a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, kuma danko na jini yana ƙaruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da thrombosis cikin sauƙi, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani kamar su embolism na huhu, bugun kwakwalwa, bugun zuciya, da sauransu, da kuma sanya rayuwar cikin haɗari.

(2) Matsalar Coagulation: yana nufin rashin aiki ko rashin daidaituwa na wasu abubuwan coagulation a cikin tsarin coagulation na jini, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar yanayin zubar jini. Abubuwan da suka fi faruwa sun haɗa da ƙarancin coagulation na gado, kamar hemophilia A (rashin factor VIII) da hemophilia B (rashin factor IX); ƙarancin bitamin K, wanda ke shafar haɗakar factors II, VII, IX, da X; cutar hanta, wanda ke haifar da raguwar haɗakar factors coagulation; da kuma amfani da magungunan hana zubar jini, kamar warfarin da heparin, waɗanda ke hana tsarin coagulation.

Coagulation yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye aikin jiki na yau da kullun na jikin ɗan adam. Duk wani rashin daidaituwa a cikin aikin coagulation na iya yin babban tasiri ga lafiya. A aikace, ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen coagulation daban-daban, kamar lokacin prothrombin (PT), lokacin thromboplastin mai kunnawa (APTT), ƙudurin fibrinogen, da sauransu, don tantance aikin coagulation na majiyyaci, don gano da magance cututtukan da suka shafi coagulation akan lokaci.